Both papers help tell us why oil shocks hurt much less than they used to.
两份论文都帮助我们了解为什么石油震荡的伤害没有以前大。
The oil shocks of the 1970s contributed to the Socialists' victory at elections in 1981.
20世纪70年代的石油危机促成了社会党在1981年选举中的胜利。
The past oil shocks were caused by sudden interruptions in exports from the Middle East.
以往的石油动荡是由于来自中东的石油出口突然中断而造成的。
Along with bank runs and market crashes, oil shocks have rare power to set monsters loose.
受此前银行挤兑和市场崩盘的影响，这次的石油危机似乎对经济并没有产生太大的影响。
There was a feeling in the 1970s that the post-war economic model had been corroded by rising inflation and a series of oil shocks.
在1970年代有一种感觉，那就是战后经济模式受到了不断升高的通胀和一系列石油危机的侵蚀。
So oil shocks have smaller effects today, because Labour markets in rich countries have become considerably more flexible since the 1970s.
所以石油危机在当今影响更小，因为自1970年起发达国家的劳动力市场变得灵活许多。
But oil shocks, such as those of the 1970s, helped drive Northeast homeowners to natural gas, even if occasional spikes in gas prices slowed the shift.
但是例如20世纪70年代的油价震荡也迫使东北部的住户们转向到天然气，尽管天然气价格的偶尔波动会减缓这种转移速度。
I asked James Hamilton, an economist at University of California, San Diego, who has researched the relationship between oil shocks and recessions.
我曾咨询过位于圣地亚哥的加利福利亚大学经济学家詹姆斯·汉密尔顿，他至今都致力于研究石油危机和衰退的相互关系。
In that decade, when central and eastern Europe were still part of the Soviet block, Europe suffered low growth and high unemployment caused by two oil shocks.
在那个十年里，当时中东欧依然是苏维埃集团的一部分，欧洲遭受了由两次石油震荡引起的低增长和高失业。
The plant is just one example of Japan's single-minded dedication to reducing energy use, a commitment that dates back to the oil shocks of the 1970s that shook this resource-poor nation.
taiheiyo石灰厂用的这个keihin机器设备仅仅是一个日本对减少能量使用的共同贡献的一个例子，这追溯到20世纪70年代油价的上涨刺激资源贫乏国家开发减少能量使用的方案。
What happened, according to supporters of this theory, is that unlike Britain and America, Germany coped well with the oil shocks of the 1970s and 1980s so saw no need to change anything in the 1980s.
此理论的支持者解释说：不像英国和美国，德国很好的处理了70年代和80年代的石油危机，然后也就无需在80年代做任何调整。
The reserves were set up in the wake of the Arab oil embargo of 1973 to blunt the effects of severe supply shocks.
石油储备是在1973年阿拉伯石油禁运事件之后设立的，用于削弱急剧石油供应震动所带来的影响。
The rise in crude prices since the summer has been rapid even by the standards of the 1970s shocks and comes at a particularly bad time for America, the world's largest oil user.
即使用1970年石油震荡的标准来讲，今夏以来油价也是突然上涨，而且对美国，这世界上最大的石油用户来讲是特别不合时宜。
Higher prices for food and oil, as well as other "external shocks" - such as volatile capital flows from the uncertainties in the Middle East - are undermining economic confidence in Asia Pacific.
粮食和原油价格上涨，以及中东动荡局势导致热钱向亚洲涌入等外部因素正在削弱人们对于亚太地区经济复苏的信心。
The oil market has typically been characterized by supply shocks or, more specifically, by a sharp elevation in the fear of interrupted flows in oil supply.
一般说来，石油市场一直都具有种种供应冲击的特点，或者，更具体地说，由于担心中断石油供应流量而大幅度抬升的特点。
Even if it is a small oil supply disruption or price fluctuations may result in severe economic and social shocks.
哪怕是一次很小的石油供应中断或是价格的波动都可能导致经济和社会的剧烈震荡。
Even if it is a small oil supply disruption or price fluctuations may result in severe economic and social shocks.
哪怕是一次很小的石油供应中断或是价格的波动都可能导致经济和社会的剧烈震荡。
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