Scala lets you nest class declarations, like many object-oriented languages.
Scala和许多面向对象语言一样，允许你嵌套声明类。
The main reason is that there is not a common model in object-oriented languages.
主要原因是，面向对象语言还没有一个被广泛认同的模型。
"Private" and "public" have the same meaning here as in most object-oriented languages.
“私有”和“公有”在这里的意思和在大多数面向对象语言里一样。
Many times the solution isn't obvious, and even object-oriented languages may not help.
很多时候这个问题并没有明显的解决方案，即使面向对象语言也不能解决问题。
By contraries, little research have been done on concurrent object-oriented languages.
相反，对于并发面向对象语言，人们研究得较少。
These standalone functions are very easy to call from non-object-oriented languages like c.
这些孤立函数在非面向对象语言如c都可以很容易地调用。
Very early on, users of dynamically typed object-oriented languages learned that they had to test.
从很早开始，面向对象的动态类型语言的用户就知道他们必须要进行测试。
A lot of research have been done on sequential object-oriented languages with many achievements.
对于顺序面向对象语言，人们研究得比较多，并取得了许多成果。
A language is considered to be a "pure" Object-Oriented languages if it satisfies all of these qualities.
如果一门编程语言满足了所有这些性质，我们就可以认为这门语言是“纯粹的”面向对象语言。
No constructor logic is required to initialize these fields, in contrast to most other object-oriented languages.
初始化这些字段不需要逻辑上的构造函数，这和很多面向对象语言不同。
This is a subtle concept that's hard to see for developers whose primary experience is with object-oriented languages.
对于主要从事于面向对象语言的开发人员来说，这是一个难懂的概念。
Incidentally, enabling AOP within plain object-oriented languages is one example of using metadata for language extension.
顺便说一下，在纯面向对象的语言中启用AOP是使用元数据进行语言扩展的一个例子。
Although object databases can seem somewhat exotic, they are a useful tool for users of dynamic, object-oriented languages.
尽管对象数据库似乎有点新奇，但它们对于面向对象的动态语言的用户非常有用。
Most object-oriented languages have constructs to constrain the visibility (or scope) of type and type-member declarations.
大多数面向对象语言都有控制类型或者类型成员可见性（作用域）声明的结构。
At the core of functional programming is the function, just as classes are the primary abstraction in object-oriented languages.
函数式编程的核心是函数，就像面向对象语言的主要抽象方法是类。
Clearly, the boilerplate portion of this code could be reused, and we typically do so in object-oriented languages by creating structure.
很显然，该代码的样板文件可重复使用，我们通常会在面向对象语言中通过创建架构来实现。
Although object-oriented languages and technologies have been used widely, the theories of object-oriented languages are not perfect.
虽然面向对象语言与技术已被广泛使用，但是面向对象语言理论还不完善。
Rather, I'm suggesting that it is overused in object-oriented languages in lieu of alternative abstractions that have better characteristics.
而是说，它被过多地用于面向对象的语言中来取代其他拥有更优秀特征的抽象。
In fact, language experts generally believe functional languages operate at a higher abstraction level than most object-oriented languages.
实际上，语言专家们通常相信函数性语言操作的抽象级别要比面向对象语言高。
If you've spent a significant amount of time working with object-oriented languages, you've probably run into examples of the Expression Problem.
如果您已经花费了大量的时间使用面向对象的语言，则您可能已经遇到了表达式问题的例子。
The features (such as inheritance) that comprise object-oriented languages have clear benefits, but they can also have inadvertent side-effects.
由面向对象语言组成的功能(比如继承)具有明显的益处，但是同时也具有疏忽的副作用。
Before the rise of object-oriented languages, reusable generic code was mostly written by library vendors rather than by application developers.
在面向对象语言普及之前，可重用的通用代码大部分是由库提供者写的，而不是应用程序员。
The most popular general purpose programming languages -- including Python and other object-oriented languages -- are predominantly imperative in style.
最受欢迎的通用编程语言（包括Python和其它面向对象的语言）在样式上绝大多数都是命令式的。
Functional languages achieve reuse at a coarser-grained level than object-oriented languages, extracting common machinery with parameterized behavior.
相比于面向对象语言，函数式语言在一个较粗粒度级别上实现重用，使用参数化行为提取常用的实现功能。
Inheritance is such a natural part of object-oriented languages that most developers lose sight of the fact that, at its heart, it is a coupling mechanism.
继承是面向对象语言的一个自然部件，许多开发人员忽视了这样的一个事实，继承的核心是一个耦合机制。
In object-oriented languages, the code used to write the program and the data processed by the program are grouped together into units called objects.
在面向对象的语言中，用来编写程序的代码和程序处理的数据，组合成叫做对象的单元。
However, when you end up refactoring a large code base, coupling pops up everywhere because that's one of the reuse mechanisms in object-oriented languages.
然而，当您重构大型的代码库后，到处都会出现耦合的地方，因为那是面向对象语言中的其中一种重用机制。
Multiple object-oriented framework support: This is when a product offers compatibility with multiple object-oriented languages and development environments.
多面向对象框架支持：与多种面向对象语言和开发环境的兼容。
This is very similar to the situation we encountered at the beginning of the object-oriented paradigm shift, where developers used object-oriented languages to develop procedural programs.
这与我们在最开始采用面向对象的编程技术时的情况（开发人员使用面向对象的语言来开发过程型的程序）十分相似。
In 1985, we were just beginning to understand the power of object-oriented systems; we were also starting to see development languages and environments that supported these systems.
在1985年，就在我们刚刚开始了解面向对象系统功能时；我们也开始看到支持这些系统的开发语言和环境。
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