Part 3 of this series focuses on the application layer as you move on to file systems, using various commands to monitor and tune your file systems and disk I/O subsystems.
本系列文章的第 3部分将在您继续研究文件系统的同时，重点关注于应用程序层，并使用各种命令以监视和优化您的文件系统和磁盘I/O 子系统。
For example, if you were instrumenting a file I/O function, you might add the name of the file being written to the probe for that function.
例如，如果要检查一个文件I/O函数，可以把正在写的文件的名称添加到函数的探测中。
The metadata server transforms the file name into an inode, file size, and striping data (layout) that the Ceph client uses for file I/O.
元数据服务器将文件名转变为索引节点，文件大小，和Ceph客户端用于文件 I/O的分段数据（布局）。
When the Toot-O-Matic builds this file, it includes all of the generated HTML and JPEG files, as well as any resources referenced in the tutorial XML source file itself.
当Toot - o - Matic构建这个文件时，它会包含所有生成的HTML和JPEG文件，以及在教程xml源文件中引用的任何资源。
Unless you provide a file name for the download file (using the -o option), wget creates a new, local file with the same name as the remote file, omitting the entire leading URL.
除非您为下载的文件提供了相应的文件名(使用- o选项)，否则wget将创建一个与远程文件名称相同的新的本地文件，而省略前面的URL部分。
The -o option specifies the output file, and the -nt option specifies the file that you should use as a baseline; any files that are newer than this one will be added to the archive.
o选项指定了输出文件，而-nt 选项指定了用作基准的文件，任何比该文件更新的文件都将添加到存档中。
The above command specifies the name of the output file (-o), to generate a header (-h) and the name of the source probe definitions file (-s).
上面的命令指定输出文件名 (-o)、希望生成头文件 (-h)以及源探测定义文件名 (-s)。
The format of the 4xslt command line above is 4xslt -o [output file] [source file] [XSLT file].
上面的4xslt命令行格式是4xslt- o[输出文件][源文件][xslt文件]。
When a file is opened, a file descriptor is returned, and that descriptor is then used for all subsequent I/O operations.
当打开文件后返回一个文件描述符，这个描述符用于随后的所有I／O操作。
When a file is opened, a file descriptor is returned, and that descriptor is then used for all subsequent I/O operations.
当打开文件后返回一个文件描述符，这个描述符用于随后的所有I／O操作。
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