"Taken together, therefore, our data are consistent with other emerging evidence to suggest a causal role of nicotine exposure in mental health," the investigators conclude.
因此，所有这些加在一起，我们的数据与其他证据共同证明了尼古丁在破坏精神健康方面的作用。
"Taken together, therefore, our data are consistent with other emerging evidence to suggest a causal role of nicotine exposure in mental health, " the investigators conclude.
因此，所有这些加在一起，我们的数据与其他证据共同证明了尼古丁在破坏精神健康方面的作用。
Kazakhstan prohibits anyone younger than 18 from working on tobacco farms, because of the intense labor, harmful pesticides and immediate exposure to high nicotine levels.
哈萨克斯坦进制18岁以下的人在烟草农场干活，因为高强度的劳动、有害的农药和直接暴露在高尼古丁含量之下。
The subjects also provided urine so the researchers could measure the amount of nicotine and its metabolites, like cotinine, for an objective record of their exposure to cigarette smoke.
这一项目中还包括尿检，因此研究人员还可以测量尿中尼古丁及其代谢物的含量（如可铁宁），这样会得到有关他们处于烟雾中时的情况的比较客观的记录。
Also, research has suggested that nicotine may be a co-promoter in generating lung cancer, so continual exposure to nicotine might work against chemotherapy treatments, Edelman said.
研究同样表明尼古丁也是患上肺癌的共同推动者，所以继续吸烟对化疗不利，Edelaman说。
Also, research has suggested that nicotine may be a co-promoter in generating lung cancer, so continual exposure to nicotine might work against chemotherapy treatments, Edelman said.
研究同样表明尼古丁也是患上肺癌的共同推动者，所以继续吸烟对化疗不利，Edelaman说。
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