Monetary Banking is the base of all other financial courses.
货币银行学是金融学各学科的基础。
By comparison, previous systemic banking crises have on average cost 13% of GDP to resolve, according to estimates by the International Monetary Fund.
相比之下，根据国际货币基金组织的估计，为了解决先前的系统性银行危机，平均要消耗GDP产值的13%。
To illustrate this he takes the reader on a journey through more than two centuries of monetary and fiscal policy and banking.
为了说明这一点，他把两百多年来的货币与财政政策和银行业的历程呈献给读者。
That's according to a new International Monetary Fund report that examined 124 banking crises in the past 27 years.
依据是货币基金组织的一份对过去27年中124起银行危机的最新报告。
With a few adjustments, this becomes the monetary base, which can be thought of as the special money that is available to the banking system for the second step.
通过一点儿调整，这些货币就变成了货币基础，被当做第二阶段中银行系统使用的特殊货币。
First of all, look again at what he has done to the "monetary base," which basically captures how much in reserves Bernanke has pumped into the banking system.
首先，让我们看一下伯克南对“基础货币”的所作所为，这基本反映了伯克南注入到银行系统的储备货币的数量。
The International Monetary Fund studied 88 banking crises in the past four decades and found they led to sustained losses of output.
国际货币基金组织在过去的40年间研究了88次银行危机，发现正是他们导致了持续性业绩损失。
The International Monetary Fund's (IMF) managing director has said the US and Western Europe need to act more quickly to sort out their banking systems.
国际货币基金组织行政董事建议美国和西欧需要迅速整理他们的银行系统。
Thus that part of the monetary base represented by the clearing balance of the banking system was initially not subject to the discipline imposed by a currency board system.
因此，货币基础中银行体系结算余额的部分，最初并不受货币发行局制度约束。
Internationally, the latest research on financial crises indicates that monetary and banking crises are often syngenetic.
根据国际上对金融危机的最新研究，货币危机和银行危机在新兴市场国家中往往是共生的。
Unable to go back to doing real business, to producing goods and supplying services, they began to fiddle with the monetary and banking systems.
无法回去做真正的商业、生产商品和提供服务，他们就开始摆弄货币及银行体系。
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is endorsing Kazakhstan's multi-billion dollar bailout program, which aims to shore up the country's sagging banking sector.
国际货币基金组织(IMF)是赞同哈萨克斯坦的数十亿美元的援助计划，其目的是支撑该国疲软的银行业。
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is endorsing Kazakhstan's multi-billion dollar bailout program, which aims to shore up the country's sagging banking sector.
国际货币基金组织(IMF)是赞同哈萨克斯坦的数十亿美元的援助计划，其目的是支撑该国疲软的银行业。
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