But how many of those cases are MDR-TB?
但这些病例中有多少是耐多药结核病？
Of the 544 patients studied, 221 had MDR-TB.
在研究的544名患者中，有221人患有耐多药结核。
Q: When did you start getting involved with MDR-TB?
问：你什么时候开始介入耐多药结核病问题的？
What is the medical definition of MDR-TB and XDR-TB?
什么是耐多药结核和广泛耐药结核的医学定义？
Q: What concerns you about fighting MDR-TB in the future?
问：你对与耐多药结核病作斗争的前途有什么看法？
By July, health workers were treating the first MDR-TB patients.
7月，卫生工作者治疗第一批耐多药结核病患者。
As a result all kinds of poor management of MDR-TB are happening.
因此，出现各种耐多药结核病管理不善的情况。
Parts of China had some of the highest rates of MDR-TB in the world.
在中国的某些地区，MDR - TB的发生率已经达到了世界最严重的程度。
In the United States, 4% of MDR-TB cases met the criteria for XDR-TB.
在美国，4%的耐多药结核病例符合广泛耐药结核的标准。
By the end of 2008, the MDR-TB project had treated 1316 patients in all.
到2008年底，耐多药结核病项目总共治疗了1316例病人。
MDR-TB is a form of TB that fails to respond to standard first-line drugs.
耐多药结核病是一种对一线标准药物没有反应的结核病形式。
Tuberculosis programmes face tremendous challenges in reducing MDR-TB rates.
结核病规划在减少耐多药结核病发病率方面面临着巨大挑战。
This was 8.5% of the estimated global total of smear-positive cases of MDR-TB.
这仅相当于痰涂阳性耐多药结核病例全球估计总数的8.5%。
MDR-TB is a threat to all countries as it is difficult and expensive to treat.
耐多药结核病是所有国家面临的一个挑战，这是由于该病治疗起来存有难度并且费用昂贵。
Almost 50% of MDR-TB cases worldwide are estimated to occur in China and India.
估计全世界将近50%的耐多药结核病例发生在中国和印度。
That means not only saving the people with MDR-TB but also the general population.
这不仅意味着拯救耐多药结核病人，也拯救所有的人。
There were an estimated 0.5 million cases of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in 2006.
在2006年，估计有50万例耐多药结核病例。
This is equivalent to 1% of the estimated global total of smear-positive cases of MDR-TB.
这相当于痰涂阳性的耐多药结核病例全球估计总数的1%。
We also recognize that MDR-TB case Numbers are high, and that we expect more XDR-TB cases.
我们也认识到耐多药结核病例数目甚高，而且我们预计会出现更多的广泛耐药结核病例。
A second way of developing MDR-TB or XDR-TB is when a patient's own TB develops resistance.
形成耐多药结核或广泛耐药结核的第二个途径是患者自身的结核产生耐药性。
Wherever second-line drugs to treat MDR-TB are being misused, the possibility of XDR-TB exists.
在治疗耐多药结核的二线药物被滥用的任何地方，存在着广泛耐药结核的可能性。
Currently, less than 5% of the estimated MDR-TB cases are being detected by national TB programmes.
目前，经国家结核病规划所查明的病例在估计的耐多药结核病例中所占比例不足5%。
Q: Aside from money, what has been the most important factor in running a MDR-TB treatment programme?
问：除了钱外，什么是开展耐多药结核病治疗规划的最重要因素？
MDR-TB takes longer to treat with second-line drugs, which are more expensive and have more side-effects.
用二线药物治疗耐多药结核所需时间更长，更加昂贵，并且产生更多副作用。
In Latvia, a country with one of the highest rates of MDR-TB, 19% of MDR-TB cases met the XDR-TB criteria.
在耐多药结核发生率最高之一的国家拉脱维亚，19%的耐多药结核病例符合广泛耐药结核的标准。
MDR-TB is caused by bacteria that are resistant to the most effective anti-TB drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin).
耐多药结核病是由对多数有效抗结核病药物（异烟肼和利福平）都具有耐药性的细菌引起的。
Previous reports found high levels of mortality among people living with HIV and infected with MDR-TB and XDR-TB.
以前的报告中发现，艾滋病毒携带者同时感染耐多药结核病和广泛耐药结核病的病例中死亡率很高。
Often the patients die before results are known, especially if they are HIV-infected in addition to having MDR-TB.
患者往往尚未得知检测结果即已死亡，尤其是那些既患有耐多药结核病又感染了艾滋病毒的患者。
Projections for 2008 are much less than the target of 98 000 that was set in the Global MDR-TB/XDR-TB Response Plan.
2008年预计人数比全球耐多药结核/广泛耐药结核应对计划中规定的98 000人的目标要少得多。
Further tests revealed those who failed treatment had MDR-TB; officials realized they had an epidemic of these cases.
进一步的检测显示，那些治疗失败的病人患的是耐多药结核病，官员意识到了耐多药结核病的流行。
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