The model can be used to forecast the system marginal price and price spike for.
模型对系统边际电价和“价格钉”具有良好的预测能力。
System marginal price SMP determines the final electrical price and greatly influences the electricity trade.
系统边际电价作为电力市场最终的交易价格，对电力交易有着重要的影响。
According to the maximum daily system marginal price in a year, the annual transmission cost is allocated to each day.
根据一年内日最大系统边际电价，将年输电费用分摊到每一日；
The system marginal price represents the system load situation and thus reflects the congestion status of transmission equipment in a certain extent.
系统边际电价反映了系统负荷的大小，在一定程度上反映了输电设备的拥挤状况。
The system marginal price can be obtained without the optimal flow calculation, so there is no convergence problem and the cost revision is not necessary.
不必求解系统最优潮流就可以得到系统边际电价，因而不存在收敛性问题，也不必进行费用修正。
The paper studied pricing strategy research of power plant based on real-time generating cost and system marginal price prediction under the deregulated power system.
本文研究了火电厂在电力市场环境下基于实时发电成本分析与系统边际电价预测相结合的发电企业报价策略研究。
The first one is based on forecasted marginal price and takes profit as optimizing goal, this model can give IPP a valuable reference when they are making their bidding strategy;
该模型对发电企业竞价策略的制定和运营方式的优化具有现实的指导意义和参考价值：前者有助于发电企业制定有利于本企业取得最大化利润的竞价决策；
Not only the system marginal price, contract price and contract quantity of electricity, but also the capacity of the plants the system demanded are taken into account in the model.
模型中除考虑了系统边际电价、合同电价和合同电量的因素外，还考虑了系统对各电厂的出力要求。
Nonrivalry has the implication that the efficient price is zero, since the marginal cost of another viewer is zero.
非竞争性意味着有效价格为零，因为增加一个观众的边际成本为零。
At any price above marginal cost, the airline is better off selling a ticket than flying with the seat empty.
只要在边际成本以上的任意价位出售机票，是比空航划算的。
However, there are many firms that have market power or monopoly power, which means that they can increase their price above marginal cost and sustain sales for a long period of time. [1].
但同时许多企业具有一定的市场势力或者说是垄断势力，这意味着他们能够长期将价格定在边际成本之上。
Stocks have been released, marginal land has entered use and price has fallen (by as much as a third in two months).
股票已经发行，边缘的土地已经被开垦，并且价格也已下跌(差不多在两个月里跌去三分之一)。
Thus, a monopoly chooses a quantity qm where marginal revenue equals marginal cost, and charges the maximum price p(qm) the market will bear at that quantity.
这样，垄断者将选择生产当边际收益与边际成本相同时的产量qm。 然后向市场收取那个产量下市场能够承受的最大价格p(qm)。
Some of them are lower bounded, and you probably expect a marginal value or shadow price by now.
有些是有下界的，现在我们可能会期望一个临界值或影子价格。
His central thesis: as the marginal cost of creating a product drops towards zero, its price will do the same.
他的重点是：一件商品的生产边际成本是零，因此价格也是零。
Calculated as area below the price line that is above marginal cost.
计算出低于价格线区域就是大于边际成本的区域。
I'm going to buy one, because my marginal value exceeds the market price.
我要去买一个，因为我的边际价值超过了市场价格。
In markets with imperfect information, price cannot equal marginal cost.
在信息是不完全的市场中，价格不可能等于边际成本。
Unfortunately in the congestion cost allocation to congested lines, the shadow price method and the marginal and incremental method existed have some defects.
然而在阻塞费用对阻塞线路的分摊中，目前提出的影子价格法和边际微增法仍存在一些不合理的地方。
Briefly presents three mainly used methods for calculating water price: marginal cost method, planned price method and cost method.
阐述了我国目前主要采用的三种水价核算方法：边际成本法、计划定价法和成本核算法。
The price for their information or distribution is dropping towards marginal cost, which is close to zero and typically does not cover full cost.
供应商的信息售价或传播价格正在下跌，趋于边际成本，而边际成本则接近零，而且一般都不能负担全部成本。
In order to sell an additional unit of output the firm must lower the price of all units sold (not just the marginal one).
为了多销售一单位产品，企业必须将所有出售产品的价格降低，而不仅仅是最后一单位产品。
The consumer chooses consumption of the two goods so that the marginal rate of substitution equals the relative price.
消费者选择两种商品的消费以便边际替代率等于相对价格。
Based on the concept of load-price elasticity, the principle of marginal cost pricing, and conditions of the deregulated retail electricity market, the model of spot pricing was deduced.
根据电力零售市场的特点，基于负荷价格响应的定义以及边际成本定价理论，推导出了考虑负荷价格响应的有功实时电价的表达式。
Given the limited resources, producers are being motivated to allocate the resources properly to ensure highest efficiency, which is determined by the equality of price and marginal cost.
生产者考虑到资源有限等问题，纷纷开始大力合理的分配资源以确保高效率，不过此效率皆由价格杠杆及边际成本而定。
At any quantity, the price given by the buyer's WTP curve shows the willingness to pay of the marginal buyer.
在任何一种数量下，买者支付意愿曲线的高度表示边际买者的支付意愿。
Now I'm going to buy a second one, because my marginal value still exceeds the market price...
现在我要买第二个，因为我的边际价值仍然超过市场价格。
The main risk for hydropower plants at the in electricity market is the bidding energy risk induced by the uncertainty of inflow and marginal electricity price forecast.
由来水不确定性带来的申报电量风险和对边际电价预测不准确引起的申报电价风险，是水电厂参与电力市场竞价的主要风险。
If there are not external markets, taking the marginal cost of intermediate products as the transfer price is better than the bargain price or standard cost.
不存在外部市场时，以中间产品的边际成本为转移价格优于协议价和标准成本价。
If there are not external markets, taking the marginal cost of intermediate products as the transfer price is better than the bargain price or standard cost.
不存在外部市场时，以中间产品的边际成本为转移价格优于协议价和标准成本价。
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