To establish such a chronology, it is necessary to determine the relative amounts of land ice that existed at various times in the Earth's past.
为了建立这样一个年表，有必要确定地球过去不同时期存在的陆冰的相对数量。
As ice shelves break up, this accelerates movement of land ice to the ocean.
冰棚一旦断裂，会让岸冰加速往海洋移动。
Land ice has started to melt all over the planet, and seawater is expanding as it absorbs heat.
全球各地的陆冰开始融化，海水吸收热量后膨胀。
Rising sea level itself tends to lift Marine ice shelves that buttress land ice, unhinging them from anchor points.
海平面的上升会把海上原本支撑岸冰的冰棚举起，将它们从支撑点断开。
Global sea levels can change by more than 100 metres in only tens of thousands of years as land ice accumulates or melts.
全球海平面在数千年间会发生高达100米的变化，就像冰川的形成及消融。
The climate appears to be destabilizing, virtually all land ice on the planet has started to melt, and the oceans are rising at an accelerating pace.
气候似乎不太稳定，地球上几乎所有的陆地冰都已经开始融化，海平面上升的速度也在日益加快。
Such feedbacks might involve ice on land and sea, clouds, or water vapor, which also absorb radiant heat.
这种反馈可能涉及陆地和海洋上的冰、云或水蒸气，这些也会吸收辐射热。
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice.
北极没有陆地，只有厚厚的冰层。
Glaciers are slowly moving masses of ice that have accumulated on land in areas where more snowfalls during a year than melts.
冰川正在缓慢地移动大量的冰，这些冰是在每年降雪量大于融化量的地区，在陆地上累积起来的。
Walrus need either ice or land to rest.
海象需要在冰面或陆地休息。
These factors include the chaotic fluctuations of the atmosphere, the slower but equally erratic behavior of the oceans, changes in the land surfaces, and the extent of ice and snow.
这些因素包括混乱的大气波动、相对较慢但同样不稳定的海洋活动、地表变化，以及冰雪的覆盖范围。
Without ice, they have to stay on land.
没有了冰，它们只能待在陆地上。
To some, the arched snout and horns of skeletal Ice Age woolly rhinoceroses suggested not a vast land mammal, but the beak and claws of a giant bird.
对于某些人来说，冰河世纪毛犀牛的拱鼻和角并不意味着这种大型陆地哺乳动物，却是巨型鸟类的喙和爪。
From this distance, oceans, land, clouds, and ice blend into a blur of light, a mere dot against the vastness of space.
在这个距离上，海洋、陆地、白云和冰雪全部被融入一个光斑之中，只是浩瀚的宇宙中的一个小光点而已。
Sea level rise is expected to be one result of global warming as ice on land melts and flows toward the world's oceans.
海平面上升有望是全球变暖的一个结果，因为陆地上的冰融化，流向海洋的结果。
Harp seals make ice their main habitat, and they give birth on ice, partly as protection from predators on land.
格陵兰海豹主要生活在冰上，并且在冰上产崽。这么做，部分原因是出于躲避陆地上的掠食者。
They knew that every so often during past ice ages, drops in sea level created a land bridge across the strait.
在最后一个冰期期间，他们了解到海平面的下降偶尔会产生横跨海峡的陆桥。
The Coats Land mountains are mostly buried in ice, except for "two tiny tips of mountain peaks," Loewy said.
科茨地山脉大部分埋在冰里，除了“两个山顶的小尖尖，”Leowy说。
Closest to land, land-fast sea ice clings to the shore, impervious to ocean currents.
紧靠陆地的海中，l陆缘固定冰(land - fast sea ice)紧贴海岸线，不受洋流影响。
The warming temperatures have been temporarily beneficial for Chinstrap penguins, which breed and nest on land with no ice or snow.
不断升高的温度暂时的有利于帽带企鹅，因为他们在没有冰雪的陆地上栖息建巢。
The researchers based their study on ice age land and ocean surface temperature obtained by examining ices cores, bore holes, seafloor sediments and other factors.
研究人员将他们的研究基于冰河时期陆地与海洋的表面温度，通过检查冰核心，钻井，海底沉积物和其他因素。
If global warming disrupts these currents, temperatures in these northern areas will plummet and the land might even become covered in ice.
如果全球变暖扰乱了这些水流，这些北部区域的温度会骤降，甚至会使地面结冰。
They often keep their young on ice floes to avoid the crush of the jostling walrus crowds on land.
它们常常把小海象留在浮冰上，以避免陆地上拥挤海象群的碰撞。
Sea levels are rising in part because land-based ice is melting.
海平面升高部分是由于地面上的冰在融化。
Scientists in the Arctic are reporting a rare mass migration of thousands of walrus from the ice floes to dry land along Alaska's coast.
根据北极科学家的报告，数以千计的海象罕见地通过浮冰大规模迁移到阿拉斯加沿岸的旱地上。
The enormous Wilkins ice shelf is now barely attached to land.
巨大的威尔金斯冰架目前几乎不再贴附在陆地上。
In addition, sea ice can block glaciers on land from falling into the ocean, so its loss could raise sea levels.
此外，缺少了海冰将无法阻挡陆地冰川进入海洋，从而导致海平面上升。
In addition, sea ice can block glaciers on land from falling into the ocean, so its loss could raise sea levels.
此外，缺少了海冰将无法阻挡陆地冰川进入海洋，从而导致海平面上升。
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