A year later, two groups-one led by Yamanaka, the other by James thomson-independently created iPSCs from human skin cells.
两年后，两个团队分别独立创造出人体的诱导性万能干细胞(iPSCs)，一个是山中的团队，另一个是由詹姆斯·汤姆森带领的团队。
So what I don't get is why aren't people who are against using embryonic stem cells in research just as against using iPSCs?
所以令我感到不解的是那些反对用胚胎干细胞进行研究的人为什么不反对使用诱导多功能干细胞呢？
There were also significant similarities between iPSCs and cells of origin in factors related to the epigenetic control of gene expression.
在基因表达控制有关的外在因素中，诱导多能干细胞与起源细胞间有着高度的相似性。
On the other completely gestated hand, what are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are allegedly good because no embryos are involved.
从另一个完全孕育的角度看，一种被称为“诱导多功能干细胞”的细胞则是可行的因为它不涉及胚胎。
Pharmaceutical companies are using heart cells grown from iPSCs to test drugs for cardiac side effects, a common reason that promising drugs fail.
医药公司使用由万能干细胞生长而成的心脏细胞做心脏病药物的副作用测试，副作用是很多看起来很有希望的药物最终未能成功的一大原因。
At the holding potential of 0 mV, spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) and dorsal root stimulation-evoked IPSCs were recorded as outward currents.
在钳制电压为0毫伏条件下，记录自发的和背根刺激引起的抑制性突触后电流。
Second, at least one of the genes Yamanaka used was known to trigger cancer, and indeed it soon became clear that mice grown from iPSCs frequently developed tumors.
第二，山中所使用的基因中，至少有一种被认为会诱发癌症，事实也很快证明，由诱导性万能干细胞发育而成的小鼠有极大概率罹患肿瘤。
To discover whether donor cell patterns of gene expression truly persisted, the MGH team studied cells from genetically identical mice originally generated from iPSCs.
为了证明是否捐赠的细胞基因表达类型确实持续存在，麻省研究小组对诱导多能干细胞基因型一致的大鼠细胞进行了研究。
Examining iPSCs generated from different animals revealed that differences based on the cell of origin were even greater than differences based on the animal of origin.
对不同种类动物的诱导多能干细胞研究时发现，不同细胞起源引起的诱导多能干细胞差异大于不同动物种类引起的诱导多能干细胞差异。
A similar study from researchers at Children's Hospital Boston, published simultaneously in the journal Nature, also finds that cellular "memory" affects the differentiation potential of iPSCs.
同时，波士顿儿童医院的科研人员也做了相似的研究，研究结果已在《自然》杂志上发表。他们认为，细胞的记忆确实影响诱导多能干细胞的分化能力。
Whereas it has been generally assumed that these autologous cells should be immune-tolerated by the recipient from whom the iPSCs are derived, their immunogenicity has not been vigorously examined.
源于自体的诱导多能干细胞通常被认为是没有免疫排斥问题的。
These findings indicate that, in contrast to derivatives of ESCs, abnormal gene expression in some cells differentiated from iPSCs can induce T-cell-dependent immune response in syngeneic recipients.
这些发现说明，相对于胚胎干细胞的后代，从诱导多能干细胞分化来的某些细胞中异常的基因表达会在同基因的受体身上引起T细胞依赖的免疫反应。
These findings indicate that, in contrast to derivatives of ESCs, abnormal gene expression in some cells differentiated from iPSCs can induce T-cell-dependent immune response in syngeneic recipients.
这些发现说明，相对于胚胎干细胞的后代，从诱导多能干细胞分化来的某些细胞中异常的基因表达会在同基因的受体身上引起T细胞依赖的免疫反应。
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