The paper thus proposes three methods to measure the indirect cost: material equity, economic added value, and stepwise chain comparison.

在此基础上，文章提出了财务危机间接成本估量的三种方法：实物期权法、经济附加值法以及逐期环比对比法。

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Linear regression equation is analyzed by using indirect error-smoothing, and nonlinear regression equation is optimally selected by using the method of comparison of mid-point of curve.

用间接观测平差法分析线性回归方程，用曲线中点比较法选择最优非线性回归方程。

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Linear regression equation is analyzed by using indirect error-smoothing, and nonlinear regression equation is optimally selected by using the method of comparison of mid-point of curve.

用间接观测平差法分析线性回归方程，用曲线中点比较法选择最优非线性回归方程。

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