Early studies focused on the reproductive cost of private cost. Including direct costs and indirect costs.
早期的生育成本研究侧重于私人成本，包括直接成本和间接成本。
It provides strongly-typed LINQ data access experience over relational databases, including direct, efficient access to SQL Server.
它在关系数据库之上提供了强类型的LINQ数据访问体验，包括对SQL Server直接高效的访问。
Next, it analyzes the competitors including direct and indirect competitors to point out the competitive advantage of Tiger Airways.
其次，分析了竞争对手，包括直接和间接的竞争对手，指出了老虎航空公司的竞争优势。
The announcement is part of a larger upgrade for Parallels which now supports enhanced speed, performance and graphics, including Direct X 9.
这一宣布是Parallels公司的重大升级的一部分，现在已经支持增强速度，性能和显示，包括DirectX9。
A business service may have many different interfaces for different communication channels including direct human interaction interfaces - GUI.
对不同的通信渠道(包括直接的人类接口——GUI)，一个业务服务可能有多个不同的接口。
The income of electronic commerce in the field of international trade produces new content in new time , including direct and indirect profits.
电子商务在国际贸易方面的收益在新时期产生了新的内容，主要体现在直接和间接收益两个方面。
The model of the solar radiation on the airship surface was developed, including direct radiation, scattered radiation and reflected radiation.
文中建立了飞艇表面太阳能电池接收太阳直接辐射、散射辐射、反射辐射的模型。
ISO 22000 is suitable for the food chain in any tissue, including direct or indirect involvement in the food chain in one or more link organization.
ISO 22000适用于食物链中的任何组织，包括直接或间接介入食物链中一个或多个环节的组织。
Importation (including direct imports and transshipments) of pigs, pork and other related products from the Netherlands is prohibited as of this date.
从即日起，禁止从荷兰进口(包括直接进口和转口)猪、猪肉等产品。
Two methods that can decrease sulfur content using ionic liquids have been studied in this thesis, including direct extraction and oxidation extraction.
本文研究的离子液体脱硫方法有两种：直接萃取法和氧化-萃取法。
The producing methods of HMSPP were discussed, including direct polymerization, radiation grafting and cross-linking, silane grafting and cross-linking, and so on.
文章综述了制备高熔体强度聚丙烯的制备方法，主要有直接聚合法、辐射接枝交联法、硅烷接枝交联法等。
Recent progress of analytical methods for the determination of trace bromine in coal samples, including direct and indirect methods, were summarized in this paper.
综述了近年来国内外煤中痕量溴测定方法的研究进展，介绍了间接分析法和直接分析法的基本特点和原理。
The producing methods of HMSPP were discussed, including direct polymerization, radiation grafting and cross-linking, silane grafting and cross-linking, and so on.
通过反应挤出法对聚丙烯（PP）进行硅烷接枝交联改性获得高熔体强度PP（HMSPP），并对HMSPP的发泡性能及影响因素进行了研究。
Electrospray IMS is well suited for a wide range of applications including direct water analysis, pharmaceutical cleaning validation, and general chemical analysis.
电喷射IMS可广泛配套各行业，包括直接水样分析，药物清洁有效化分析，常规化学分析等。
Personalized marketing campaigns can include many different customer touch points, including direct mail, E-mail, personalized URLs, and customized web landing pages.
个性化营销策略可以包括客户的不同介入点，比如直邮、电邮或者是个人域名与网站等等。
The authors introduced the methods and advance of grain size analysis technique, including direct measurement, sieving analysis, setting method and the laser grain-size analyzer;
本文主要介绍粒径测试技术方法及其新进展，包括传统的直接测量法、筛析法、沉降法和以计算机为依托的激光粒度测试仪法；
The electrodepositing method for the preparation of nano-deposit was introduced, including direct current electrodeposition, pulse electrodeposition and composite electrodeposition.
介绍了制备纳米镀层的电沉积方法，主要有直流电沉积、脉冲电沉积和复合共沉积。
These motors are designed to accommodate a wide range of applications including direct drive servo systems, recorder drives, holding torque and high torque-low speed control systems.
这些电机的设计，以适应范围广泛的应用，包括直接驱动伺服系统中，记录器的驱动器，保持转矩和高转矩低速控制系统。
Methods NLA was carried out in 972 cases, including direct laryngoscopic operation in 574 patients, esophageal surgery in 143 patients, middle ear- mastoid operation in 255 patients.
方法对574例直达喉镜、143例食道镜、255例中耳-乳突手术行安定镇痛剂辅助麻醉。结果所有972例手术麻醉效果良好，尤麻醉意外和手术并发症。
The theory and current molecular breeding practice in flax was summarized, including direct introduction exogenous DNA(DIED), transgenic technology and molecular maker assisted selection.
综述外源DNA直接导入技术、转基因技术和分子标记辅助筛选的亚麻分子育种理论和研究概况；
This paper presented a Domino model for the primary cause investigation and analysis of power substation operation accidents, which including direct cause, indirect cause, and basic cause.
本文提出了一种事故根原因调查与分析骨牌模型，对直接原因、间接原因和基础原因进行了归类。
This paper illustrates an evaluation method which can systematically analyze and evaluate the different factors of CIM technology, including direct and indirect, tangible and intangible factors.
作者的评价方法，系统地、全面地分析、识别及评价CIM技术的各种直接非直接、可量化不可量化的因素。
What is encouraging is that most of the imaginative and practical solutions used by these cities are affordable and they generate economic returns, including direct and indirect benefits for the poor.
令人鼓舞的是，这些城市利用的大多数有创意的和实际的解决方案都是可承受的，并带来了经济回报，其中包括贫困人口获得的直接的和间接的好处。
On the DBMS server, the solution must ensure that all traffic is captured-including direct connections to the DBMS server, such as ssh-and that the solution cannot be disabled without authorization.
在DBMS服务器上，解决方案必须确保捕捉所有通信流，包括到DBMS服务器的直接连接(比如ssh)；如果没有授权，无法禁用这个解决方案。
To solve the problem, the concepts and formal definitions including direct classification schema, tree classification schema, classification rule, and family constraining expression were presented.
为了解决这个问题，给出了直接分类模式、树分类模式、分类法则和科目约束表达式等概念和形式化定义。
Including, above all, direct observation of the intermediates that you would expect on the basis of one mechanism or another.
这方法中包括直接，观测中间产物，这些中间产物是反应，机制中某个机制的基础。
Direct payments, including user fees, are identified as the greatest obstacle to progress.
直接付费，包括用户费用，被确认为阻碍进展的最大障碍。
Systems that rely heavily on direct payments, including user fees, at the time of care actually increase poverty.
主要依靠在诊疗时直接付费、包括向使用者直接收费的制度实际上加剧了贫困。
Protecting the most vulnerable in rural and urban areas would require targeted direct food distribution, food subsidies and cash transfers as well as nutritional programmes including school feeding.
保护城乡地区最脆弱的群体需要有针对性的直接粮食分配、粮食补贴和现金转移以及包括学校供餐在内的营养计划。
Details are murky because much of the case, including the appeal, has taken place behind closed doors, with restrictions on direct press coverage.
由于案子大部分是暗中进行的，包括上诉请求，和限制直接相关报道等因素使得一些细节模糊不清。
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