Why does Microsoft have monopoly power in operating systems?
微软为何在操作系统市场具有垄断力？
He has 19 years of experience in operating systems and middleware.
他在操作系统和中间件领域具有19年的丰富经验。
A role is a collection of users similar to groups in operating systems.
角色是用户的集合，它类似于操作系统中的组。
Shows how to render controls using visual styles in operating systems that support them.
显示如何在支持可见样式的操作系统中使用可见样式来呈现控件。
Managing users and groups and controlling their access is always a critical task in operating systems.
管理用户和组并控制它们的访问一直都是操作系统中一项关键任务。
The management of concurrency is, however, one of the core problems in operating systems programming.
然而，并发性的管理是操作系统编程过程中的一个核心问题。
NSA's research arm then worked to try to make MAC more flexible and easier to include in operating systems.
于是 NSA的研究力量尽力去使MAC更灵活并且并容易被包含在操作系统中。
A single file owner is common in operating systems, but the single group ownership feels limiting to administrators new to the technique.
一个文件只能属于一个主人，这在操作系统中很常见，但是，文件只能属于一个组，初次使用这一规则的管理员可能会觉得受到了限制。
This isn't entirely surprising, as the various remote procedure call (RPC) systems in use in operating systems are pretty well entrenched.
但这也没什么奇怪的，因为操作系统中使用的各种各样的远程过程调用(Remote Procedure Call,RPC)系统已经牢牢占据了这一领域。
By using WCF, interaction between the client and server has been achieved, which reduces the coupling and safety factor in operating systems.
客户端与服务器之间的交互通过WCF来实现，以减低系统模块之间的耦合度，提高系统安全性。
Every device maker had their own browser, and even devices from the same manufacturer had huge variations in operating systems, screen sizes, and so on.
每个设备制造商都拥有各自的浏览器，甚至来自相同厂商的设备在操作系统、屏幕大小等方面都有很大的差别。
The theory behind atomic transactions, rollbacks, and other critical database topics are very similar to the issues students study in operating systems.
原子事务、回滚和其它关键的数据库主题背后的理论非常类似于学生在操作系统中学习的问题。
In operating systems, a system call, also known as a system service request, is the mechanism an application USES to request service from the operating system's kernel.
在操作系统中，系统调用，也称为系统服务请求，是应用程序用来向操作系统内核请求服务的一种机制。
Rather, they assume students have sufficient grounding in one language or another, so a course in operating systems or networks seldom includes any time devoted to coding style or readability.
更准确地说，他们都假设这些学生对其中的某种语言已经有足够的基础，因此一堂系统或者网络的操作课程很少有时间来训练编码的设计或者易读性。
Apple said in a press release that it plans to preview new features and APIs for its next-generation operating systems iPhone 3.0 and Mac OS X Snow Leopard.
苹果公司在一份新闻稿中表示，它计划为下一代操作系统iPhone 3.0和MacOSXSnow Leopard预览新功能和APIs 。
The challenges show up in the design of operating systems and window systems.
这些挑战体现在操作系统和窗口系统的设计上。
In popular operating systems, there are generally no security checks in the kernel, except at the interfaces through which the end user calls into the OS.
在流行操作系统中，除了在最终用户调用到操作系统的接口上进行安全性检查之外，在内核中通常没有安全性检查。
This also describes the programming languages and operating systems used in the enterprise.
技术架构还描述企业中使用的编程语言和操作系统。
There have been some successes in building countermeasures into operating systems, though they're not widely deployed at this time.
使这些对策成为操作系统的一部分已经取得了一些成功，尽管它们当前还没有被广为使用。
Desktops in free software operating systems are starting to have notifications, but, so far, they are for the entire system.
自由软件操作系统的桌面也开始有系统提示了，但是，迄今为止，它们是针对整个系统的。
The rules are different for open source operating systems, however, in part for good reason.
然而，对于开源操作系统来说，规则是不同的，部分有很好的理由。
In fact, many operating systems implement ARP so trustingly that devices that have not made an ARP request still accept ARP replies from other devices.
实际上，许多操作系统实现ARP时都是尽管没有发出任何ARP请求但仍然接受来自其他设备的ARP响应。
In this article, we analyze how device control works in both operating systems, examining everything from architecture to system calls and focusing on the differences.
本文分析两种操作系统的设备控制原理，探究从架构到系统调用的各个方面，重点比较二者差别。
In fact, it marries the two operating systems quite nicely.
实际上，它把这两种操作系统很好地结合在一起了。
In contrast, microkernel operating systems provide the means to discard functionality dynamically, allowing a much more scalable environment.
相比之下，微核操作系统提供动态抛出功能的方法，从而提供伸缩性更好的环境。
They developed the code for different operating systems in parallel.
他们开发的代码可同时用于不同的操作系统。
But if the same effort in writing operating systems were put into marketing data standards, the idealists would be a step closer to their better world.
但如果把投入写操作系统的精力用来推行数据标准，那些理想主义者应该会离他们的理想更接近。
For programs running in user space, there are common security restrictions implemented in the kernel of almost all modern operating systems (in one fashion or another).
对于运行在用户空间中的程序，具有公共安全性限制，它们在几乎所有现代操作系统的内核中实现(以一种或另一种方式)。
Operating systems designed in C always have system libraries designed in C.
用c设计的操作系统通常都有用c设计的系统库。
Operating systems designed in C always have system libraries designed in C.
用c设计的操作系统通常都有用c设计的系统库。
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