These institutions have an implicit, or explicit, federal guarantee on their debt that lowers their cost of capital, giving them a permanent competitive advantage.
这些机构的债务拥有隐性和显性联邦担保，这降低了其资金成本，从而赋予了它们永久性的竞争优势。
These institutions have an implicit, or explicit, federal guarantee on their debt that lowers their cost of capital, giving them a permanent competitive advantage.
这些机构的债务拥有隐性和显性联邦担保，这降低了其资金成本，从而赋予了它们永久性的竞争优势。
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