Heat could be retained as debris fall back into impact craters, creating an insulating blanket.
当碎片落回撞击坑时，热量可以被保留下来，形成隔热层。
The Mariner spacecraft found that the surface of Mars, as well as that of its two moons, is pitted with impact craters formed by meteoroids falling in from space.
水手号宇宙飞船发现火星表面，还有它的两个卫星表面，都有由太空坠落的流星体造成的陨石坑。
From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today.
从火星熔岩流上出现的少量陨石坑中，我们可以估计，在5亿年前，这个星球上的火山还很活跃——也许现在依然活跃。
Small meteorites have left impact craters all over the planet's surface.
这个行星的表面布满了小块陨石留下的撞击坑。
Many impact craters seen in the solar system were caused by such collisions.
太阳系中的许多冲撞坑都是由这种碰撞造成的。
The buried ice was spotted in debris thrown up in five recent northern hemisphere impact craters.
在北半球最近碰撞形成的五个陨石坑掀起的岩屑中，发现了埋藏的冰。
Deimos has a smooth surface due to a blanket of fragmental rock or regolith, except for the most recent impact craters.
火卫二因碎屑岩或风华层的覆盖而表面光滑，除了最近的撞击坑。
Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system, has a dirty ice surface cut by fractures and peppered by impact craters.
这颗太阳系中最大的卫星，表面冰盖布满断层的切口和火山灰的粉末。
Based on a lunar analogy, one might expect several impact craters of at least 500km diameter to have been formed on Earth.
基于月球的对比，可以认为一些直径至少500公里的撞击坑在地球上形成。
Mimas, one of the smaller round moons of Saturn, sports Herschel crater, one of the larger impact craters in the entire Solar System.
土卫一，土星的一颗较小的卫星，却炫耀着全太阳系最大的撞击坑之一的赫歇尔环形山。
Microscopic 'nanodiamonds' created in massive shocks and only found in meteorites or impact craters have also been discovered dating back to the disaster.
巨大的撞击创造了显微镜下才能看到的“纳米钻石”，而且仅在陨石或者陨石坑中发现了这种“纳米钻石”；这些陨石或陨石坑也被发现可以追溯到那次灾难性的撞击。
Magellan mapped more than 98 percent of the surface of Venus, and revealed the planet to be mostly covered by volcanic materials, dotted with a few impact craters.
用于探测金星的麦哲伦号绘制完成了金星表面98%的地形图，它传回的数据表明金星的大部分地区都被火山物质所覆盖，其间点缀着一些陨石坑。
The study of shock-metamorphic effects on the rocks of terrestrial impact craters and on meteorites has been an approach in searching natural high-pressure minerals.
对地表陨石坑岩石和陨石的冲击变质效应的研究，是以往发现天然高压矿物的主要途径。
The many impact craters that have and Earth reveal our solar system can be like a shooting gallery, with asteroids and comets regularly striking planets and their companions.
众多撞击留下的深坑让我们的地球和月球表面坑坑洼洼，他们在向我们揭示，太阳系可能是个射击场，小星星和彗星像横飞的子弹一样不断地撞击着行星和他们的卫星。
Analysis of the lunar samples and impact craters has shown that the Moon's surface was solid 4.3 billion years ago, yet the oldest impact rocks among the samples are 3.9 billion years old.
对月亮石样本和影响的火山口的分析表明月亮表面在43亿年前凝固，然而，样本里面最古老的影响岩石却只有39亿年。
As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering (i.e. craters too big to have been filled in by erosion since they were formed) serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface.
与月球上相同，那些巨大陨石坑的范围（例如，那些巨大到自形成后尚未被尘埃填满的陨石坑）标志着火星表面的年龄。
Also, large blocks thrown aside by the impact would form secondary craters surrounding the main crater.
此外，撞击留下的大块物质会在主火山口周围形成二级火山口。
During an impact event that creates a crater, central uplifts or mounds form on the floor of the crater in craters larger than 7km in diameter.
在造山活动中，火山口中心地带提升，产生了一个直径约7公里的小型火山口。
Scientists think such inverted craters form when an impact basin fills with sediment and the material around that sediment gets eroded away.
科学家们认为，当撞击盆地被沉积物所填满，而沉积物周围的部分逐渐被侵蚀殆尽时，就会形成了类似这样的颠倒陨石坑。
Last November, the team reported that the impact had kicked up at least 26 gallons of water, confirming suspicions of ice in the craters.
去年11月，研究小组发现的撞击所产生的至少26加仑的水，撞击出的陨石坑充分证明了含冰的说法。
You know planetary researchers love studying deep craters to learn about the impact that created them, how they redistributed pieces of a planet's crust.
你知道，行星研究者热爱研究深的陨石坑，以了解导致它产生的撞击，如何重新分散行星地壳的碎片。
The results show that the depth and diameter of craters change linearly with the projectile diameter when the impact velocity is a constant.
结果表明，弹丸撞击速度一定时，弹坑深度和弹坑直径均与弹丸直径呈线性关系。
A few craters, such as some in the huge Caloris Basin impact feature visible on the upper right, appear unexpectedly to be ringed with a dark material, the nature of which is being researched.
比如，影像右上角可以看到一些陨石坑在巨大卡罗·维斯低地的碰撞特征，看上去有黑色物质环绕，形成的原因正在研究中。
A few craters, such as some in the huge Caloris Basin impact feature visible on the upper right, appear unexpectedly to be ringed with a dark material, the nature of which is being researched.
比如，影像右上角可以看到一些陨石坑在巨大卡罗·维斯低地的碰撞特征，看上去有黑色物质环绕，形成的原因正在研究中。
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