The "gut brain, " formally known as the enteric nervous system, is made up of some 500 million nerve cells, as many as there are in a cat's brain.
肠脑，作为真正意义上的肠道神经系统，大约由5亿神经细胞构成，这和猫的大脑的神经细胞数目相当。
Nestle is now pushing for a multi-faceted approach, one that targets several key neural signals sent by the gut brain and attacks the satiety problem in multiple ways at once.
雀巢公司现在正推进“多面”方法，就是针对有肠脑发送的多个主要神经信号的方法，依靠多种途径迅速解决饱腹问题。
So this could do for the brain what colonoscopy did for the gut!
这对大脑所做的就像结肠镜检查对肠子所做的一样！
Unfortunately, none of these drugs deals with the other part of the problem: the viruses in the brain, gut and lymph nodes.
不幸的是，这些药物都没能解决问题的另一个方面：在大脑、内脏和淋巴结里的病毒。
A smaller gut could therefore support a larger brain.
更小的肠道能够为更大的大脑提供条件。
Now, a new study suggests that gut bacteria can even mess with the mind, altering brain chemistry and changing mood and behavior.
现在，一份新的研究报告显示，肠道细菌甚至可以搞乱人的心智、改变大脑的化学状态并调节人的情绪和行为。
During pregnancy, gut microbes may release chemicals that affect fetal brain development, the researchers say.
研究者认为，在怀孕期间，肠道细菌可能释放出影响胎儿脑发育的化合物。
Your mammalian brain runs on subconscious cues, that is, behavioral signals that bypass your rational brain and trigger gut responses.
你的哺乳动物大脑依靠潜意识的提示而运作，这种提示发出的行动信号能绕开你的理性大脑，并激发起你的内体反应。
"It seems that when the rats are exposed to gastric irritation at the appropriate point in time," said Pasricha, "there is signaling across the gut to the brain that permanently alters its function."
“似乎在小白鼠受到有规律的胃刺激后，这些信号会永久的从内脏器官传递给大脑。”Pasricha说。
Twenty years ago, people would have laughed at the suggestion that gut microbes could influence brain function, says immunologist Sven Pettersson of the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.
来自Stockholm斯德哥尔摩的Karolinska卡卢林学院的免疫学家斯温SvenPettersson说，二十年前，对于肠道微生物可以影响大脑活动这样的建议，人们可能会觉得这是个笑话。
For the next 2 weeks, as she happily chirped about her new salary (bigger than mine) and office (with a window), an evil litany ran through my brain, and a gnawing, acidic feeling settled in my gut.
在接下来的两个星期，她叽叽喳喳兴奋地和我讲着她比我多的薪水和有窗子的新办公室，我的大脑里就会出现一些可恶的挥之不去的念头，而且消化系统也会泛着疼痛或者是酸楚。
What is surprising is the small but growing body of evidence which suggests that bacteria dwelling in the gut can affect the brain, too, and thereby influence an individual's mood and behaviour.
奇怪的是，虽然数量不多，但越来越多的证据表明，生活在肠道的细菌也可能影响大脑，继而影响个人的情绪和行为。
Furthermore, when he severed the nerve connecting the gut and brain in a control group of mice, these neural changes disappeared.
此外，当他切断实验对照组小鼠的大脑和肠道的神经联系时，这些神经变化就消失了。
For example, scientists were shocked to learn that about 90 percent of the fibers in the primary visceral nerve, the vagus, carry information from the gut to the brain and not the other way around.
比如说，科学家惊奇地发现主要肠内神经：迷走神经（the vagus），其90%的神经纤维，能准确把信息从肠道传递到大脑，而非反其道行之——“有一部分信息当然令人不快。”
While you slept, blood was drawn away from the brain and diverted elsewhere in the body, especially to the gut.
人睡觉时，血液从脑部流走转移到身体的其他部位，特别是内脏。
You just have to go with your gut and trust your brain when words keep popping up that you didn't know you even knew.
当你甚至不知道自己认识的词汇不断地冒出来时，你只要跟着自己的感觉走，相信自己的大脑就行了。
We often use the expression "a gut feeling" to refer to something that is perhaps not "logical" from the brain but more intuitive.
我们经常用“本能的感情”这种表述来表示某些事情可能从大脑来说不是有逻辑的，却是更直观的。
Many organs, not just the brain, seem to function differently during sleep, Dr. Schmidt pointed out. The gut appears to make many new cells, for example.
不仅大脑，许多器官在睡眠时的功能似乎都不一样，施密特博士指出。比如肠道似乎就会产生许多新的细胞。
At its heart is serotonin made by the gut, not the brain, whose role outside the brain had been a mystery.
发现的核心在于消化道中生成的复合胺，这种复合胺在脑外的作用一直是一个谜。
The concentrations of individual free animo acids in heart, brain, lung, stomach, gut liver, spleen, kidney, and muscle tissues from 10 fetuses were determined with amino acid autoanalyser.
作者利用氨基酸自动分析仪测定了10具胎儿尸体的心、脑、肺、胃、肠、肝、脾、肾和肌肉组织中二十余种游离氨基酸的浓度。
Instinct. Words cannot describe it. Gut feelings mixed with heavy doses of doubt from your brain.
本能。脑筋中混合了很多疑惑成分的感触，这个品质难以用语言来描写。
In summary, a variety of different mechanisms in brain gut axis, alone or in combination, may be responsible for visceral hypersensitivity.
总之，脑-肠轴上有多种机制单独或共同作用形成内脏感觉的异常。
Somatostatin is a kind of brain gut peptides that has a wide distribution not only in neural and gastrointe s tine system but also in lymphoid organs.
生长抑素是一种脑肠肽，它不仅广泛存在中枢神经系统和胃肠道，在淋巴器官中也有分布。
Perhaps treatments for diseases such as multiple sclerosis may someday include probiotic bacteria that can restore normal immune function in the gut... and the brain.
也许将来对多发性硬化这样疾病的治疗将会引入共生菌，以恢复肠道和大脑的正常免疫功能。
Those are bases of the hypothesis of discovering of brain gut peptide, the neural gastroenterology and the clinical report on the relationship of brain-intestinal disease.
脑肠肽的发现、神经胃肠病学的建立以及脑肠病交互作用的临床报道为假说的成立奠定了基础。
Those are bases of the hypothesis of discovering of brain gut peptide, the neural gastroenterology and the clinical report on the relationship of brain-intestinal disease.
脑肠肽的发现、神经胃肠病学的建立以及脑肠病交互作用的临床报道为假说的成立奠定了基础。
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