Fundamental particles are the most basic elements that make up substances.
粒子就是构成物质的最基本的元素。
Depends on different counting methods, there are about 18 types of fundamental particles.
基本粒子大约有十八种，不同的计算方法可能出现不同的数目。
Although the fundamental particles would be very different, organic chemistry would be possible in this case.
在这个例子中，尽管基本粒子变得迥然有异，有机化学却是可能的。
The physics of fundamental particles has been a recognized field of research only in the past 40 years .
基本粒子物理学，仅仅在最近四十年才成为被承认的一个研究领域。
Particle physicists define elementary particles or fundamental particles as the smallest building blocks in the universe.
粒子物理学家将基本粒子或者称为基础粒子定义为构筑世界的最小的单元。
Electrons, which orbit atomic nuclei and give atoms their distinctive characters, are also considered fundamental particles.
环绕原子核作轨道运行而且将它们的特征供给给原子的电子，也被认为是根基粒子。
As far as electrical effects are concerned, fundamental particles come in three different kinds, neutral, positive, and negative.
就电效应而言，基本粒子分为三种，中性的，正的和负的。
It turns out that particles in crystals and bubbles in liquid helium follow the same laws as some of the fundamental particles of nature.
事实证明晶体中的粒子、液氦中的气泡和自然界中一些基本粒子一样，遵循着同样的原理。
The Higgs is crucial to the theory, but its predicted mass is subject to wild fluctuations caused by quantum effects from other fundamental particles.
希格斯色子是超对称性理论的关键所在，但是它的预期质量随着来自其他基本粒子的量子效应所引起的广度波动而发生变化。
First, we discuss quantitatively a hypothesis that the masses of four fundamental particles are direct proportion to the strengths of four interactions.
首先，我们定量讨论了四种基态粒子的质量与相互作用强度成正比的假设。
Some physicists have tentatively suggested that they should be apple-shaped, because that shape helps explain why the universe's fundamental particles come in threes.
一些物理学家尝试地提出，宇宙应该是苹果形，这样才能够帮助我们解释为什么宇宙的基本粒子只有少得可怜的三种。
Lisi showed that the various fundamental particles and forces known to physics could be placed on the points of the E8 pattern, and that many of their interactions then emerged naturally.
Lisi展示了多种物理已知的基本粒子和力可以被放于E8模型的点上，并且自然的出现了它们间的相互作用。
It suggests that the fundamental particles we observe are not actually particles at all, but tiny strings that only "look" like particles to scientific instruments because they are so small.
它认为我们所观察的基本粒子其实根本不是粒子（paticles），而是细小的弦（tiny strings），因为它们太小所以用科学仪器“看起来”像粒子。
One possibility predicted by M-theory is supersymmetry, an idea that says fundamental particles have heavy – and as yet undiscovered – twins, with curious names such as selectrons and squarks.
M理论预测了超对称性的存在，超对称性认为所有基本粒子都存在伴粒子，这些伴粒子的名称都很奇特，比如超对称电子（selectrons）和超对称夸克（squarks）等，但到目前为止，科学家们还没有发现这种超对称性伴粒子。
The exact abundances of the three lightest elements are an important test of the so-called Standard Model of physics-the list of fundamental particles found so far and the forces that link them.
物理标准模式理论中有一项极为重要的试验，该试验检测的是宇宙空间中3中质量最轻元素的确切丰度，即需要列出到目前所发现的基本粒子与将它们融合起来的各种作用力。
Atoms are made of neutrons, protons, and electrons. It was once thought neutrons, protons and electrons were fundamental particles. Fundamental particles can not be broken up into anything smaller.
原子由中子、质子与电子组成。质子和中子曾经一度被认为是基本粒子。所谓基本粒子就是指不可再分割成更小的东西。
And particles of sound, known as phonons, are just as susceptible to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle as particles of light (photons) -or, indeed, any other fundamental particle.
声音粒子，即声子，和光的粒子(光子)或者其他基本粒子，都受海森堡的不定性原理影响。
Subatomic particles have broken the universe's fundamental speed limit, or so it was reported last week.
上星期有报道说，亚原子粒子已经打破了宇宙基本的速度极限。
By calling them “weakly interacting”, physicists mean that the particles experience another of the four fundamental forces, namely, the weak nuclear force that is responsible for radioactive decay.
之所以称其为“弱作用”，是为了指出粒子受到四大基本力中的另一种——由放射性衰变所产生的弱核力（四大基本力是：引力、电磁力、强力、弱力）。
The Higgs is the missing piece in the Standard Model, a 40-year-old mathematical framework that links all the known particles and all of the fundamental forces of nature except for gravity.
已经有40年历史的标准模型能将所有已知的粒子和除了重力之外的所有自然力联系起来，这个数学框架中缺少的那一块便是希格斯玻色子。
And two particles can make a miniscule black hole in just this way if they collide with an energy above a fundamental limit called the Planck energy.
当两个粒子在超过一个基本普朗克能量的能量下碰撞，迷你黑洞就产生了。
slide-" The basic law really takes the form of a unified quantum theory of all the fundamental forces and all the elementary particles."
幻灯片出现：基本定律以一种有关于所有基本力和所有基本粒子的同统一量子理论的形式存在。
The chemical potential from the fundamental equation up here is the derivative of a with respect to the number of particles.
化学势，从基本方程上说，就是A对N的偏导，因此对A取N偏导，因此化学势也能，用正则配分函数表示。
One of the fundamental building blocks of matter, called quarks, are bound together by gluons to form 'composite' subatomic particles such as protons and neutrons.
夸克是这种物质的最基本构造块之一，它被胶子束缚在一起形成亚原子粒子“混合物”，如质子和中子。
Scientists have found that everything in the Universe is made up from a small number of basic building blocks called elementary particles, governed by a few fundamental forces.
科学家们发现宇宙中的一切物质都是由一小部分基本组块（我们称之为基本粒子）组成的，这些基本粒子被一些基本力所支配。
On the microscopic level, the other fundamental forces in the universe work by exchanging "carrier" particles.
微观上来看，宇宙中其它的基本力都是通过交换“载体”粒子来作用的。
It is the fundamental unit, or quantum, of the Higgs field, an all pervading entity that all particles must pass through.
它是希格斯场(一个所有粒子都必须经过的实体场)的基本单元，或者说量子。
The submicroscopic domain, inhabited by elementary particles, is probably the most fundamental frontier of physics.
基本粒子所在亚微观领域，可能是物理学最主要的前沿。
The submicroscopic domain, inhabited by elementary particles, is probably the most fundamental frontier of physics.
基本粒子所在亚微观领域，可能是物理学最主要的前沿。
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