All are necessary for the development of complex systems.
所有的都是复杂系统开发所必要的。
For complex systems, uncertainty is usually the biggest risk a program faces in the early stages of development.
对于复杂的系统，不确定通常是一个程序在开发的早期阶段面临的最大的风险。
Summary: Software architecture has increasingly become important for the development of complex real-time systems.
简介：软件架构对于复杂实时系统的开发已日益变得更加重要。
The ability to choose the right language for a variety of development scenarios is a tremendous advantage for almost any developer, but particularly those working on complex enterprise systems.
为不同的开发场景选择正确语言的能力对于任何开发人员来说都是巨大的好处，而对于那些处理复杂企业系统的人来说尤其如此。
This opens up new possibilities for the design of simple, yet highly adaptive systems that excel at fast gripping of complex objects.
这为设计简单而高度自适应的抓握系统开辟了新的可能性，可以更好地抓住复杂的物体。
Furthermore, when you are dealing with small effect sizes in complex systems, you have to prepare yourself for the possibility of sampling error.
此外，当你在复杂系统中处理小尺度效应，你不得不让自己准备好面对可能的样本错误。
MDSD is a method for managing the complexity of software-intensive systems, whether they be aircraft, satellites, it networks, or complex software applications.
MDSD是一种管理软件深层次系统复杂性的方法，不管它们是飞机，卫星，IT网络，还是复杂的应用软件。
We saw the Schr?dinger equation for atomic hydrogen, but you can write it for more complex systems.
我们看过原子氢的薛定谔方程，但其实我们能把他用在更复杂的体系。
Processes in CSP form the basic building blocks for complex systems -- one process can be wired up with one or more other processes (all set to execute in parallel) to form a network of processes.
CSP中的进程构成了复杂系统的基本构造块 ——一个进程可以同一个或多个其他进程连接起来（全都设置成并行的），从而构成一个进程网络。
One of the most complex areas for application developers of multi-user, server-based systems to deal with is the impact of locking strategies.
作为多用户应用程序开发人员所面临的最为复杂的领域之一，基于服务器的系统必须处理好锁定策略的影响。
Surgery and anaesthesia: These are among the most complex procedures for health systems to deliver and can be among the costliest.
外科手术和麻醉属于卫生系统要提供的最复杂，可能也是最贵的一些程序。
BAE is less dependent on big "platform" sales than it used to be and now sees itself as a provider of "through-life support" for complex systems, much like the aero-engine industry.
BAE已不再像过去那样依赖大的“平台”销售，它现在更将自己看作是复杂系统的“终身支持”提供商，这很像航空引擎业。
Reconciled modeling for complex systems where it's important to maintain the abstraction in the model
协同性建模 以服务高复杂的系统，在这里维护模型的抽象性是非常重要的
A similar relationship exists in product and program management for complex systems development. As shown in Figure 5, the three key aspects are.
对于复杂系统开发的产品和计划管理也存在类似的关系。
Struts is much more complex than a simple single JSP page, but for larger systems Struts actually helps manage the complexity.
Struts比简单的单个JSP网页要复杂得多，但对于更大的系统而言，Struts实际上有助于管理复杂性。
It is also considered one of the key best practices for managing complex systems to prevent problems, as opposed to troubleshooting them.
它也被认为是用于管理复杂系统以防止各种问题(而不是对它们进行故障诊断)的重要的最佳实践之一。
With the introduction of these abstractions, it has become easier and faster for developers to program more complex software systems.
通过引入这些抽象，开发者进行更复杂软件系统的编程会变得更容易和更快速。
This is how software with billions of lines of code have been written for complex systems like the Airbus 380 or the F-22, the most advanced fighter plane in the world.
那些为复杂系统(如空客380或F - 22，后者是世界上最高级的战斗机)服务、拥有数十亿行代码的软件就是这样被编写出来的。
The key insight uncovered by the study of complex systems in recent years is this: the only way for a system to evolve into something new is to have a flexible structure.
近年来，通过研究复杂系统得出的主要洞见就是：一个系统要想进化成某种新的东西，唯一的途径就是要有一个柔性结构。
Waterfall development processes are designed to deliver all desired capability at the same time — an ineffective approach for developing medium-to-large complex systems 8 .
瀑布开发过程的设计是同时交付所期望的所有能力 ——一种开发中到大型复杂系统的无效方法8 。
Mother Nature follows the principle of redundancy by selecting a simple mechanism or module as a building block for a complex system and then using that module over and over again in other systems.
自然母亲遵循冗余原理，她选一个简单的机制或模式做为构建复杂系统的积木，然后在另一个系统里反复的使用它。
Unlike procedural systems, declarative systems use a set of small languages and graphical tools to build complex applications without the need for programmers.
与过程序系统不同，声明式系统使用一组简单的语言和图形工具来构建复杂的应用程序，不需要专业的程序员。
No longer is the Pentagon willing to pay extra for an "integrator" to manage a massive, complex programme, such as the now-cancelled Future Combat Systems.
不在是以五角大楼的意愿额外付给一家“巨头”钱来负责重大且复杂的项目，例如近期下马的未来战争系统。
He is associate professor in the School of Informatics and Computing at the Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research at Indiana University in Bloomington.
他是印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校信息与计算机学院复合网络及系统研发中心副教授。
The need for expensive and complex thermal management systems has in fact kept the Li-ion technology from becoming the first choice for Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) applications.
由于昂贵和复杂热能管理系统，使锂电池技术实际上不能成为混合电动汽车(HEV)第一选择。
Babylonians, the Maya and other cultures developed complex systems for monitoring seasonal shifts.
古巴比伦、玛雅和其他文化都曾经发明复杂的系统用于监测季节变化。
Catastrophe theory provides a coherent framework for modelling the complex dynamics of systems.
突变理论为建立系统的复杂动力学模型提供了一个清晰的框架。
With the arrival of GUI-based operating systems like Windows, platforms for GUI development relied on complex event models to design and build standalone applications.
随着象Windows这样基于GUI操作系统的出现，GUI开发平台依靠复杂事件模型来设计和构建单个应用。
The results showed that there is the reaction separation circular loop phenomenon for complex reaction systems including intermediates.
计算结果表明：对含中间产品的复杂反应体系，存在反应—分离循环圈的现象；
The results showed that there is the reaction separation circular loop phenomenon for complex reaction systems including intermediates.
计算结果表明：对含中间产品的复杂反应体系，存在反应—分离循环圈的现象；
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