On the other hand, consumption behavior has external effects: if the household spend less than other households, they will also have utility loss.

另一方面，消费还具有外部性，如果与他人相比自己的消费水平降低了，消费者的效用也会受到损失。

youdao

On the other hand, consumption behavior has external effects: if the household spend less than other households, they will also have utility loss.

另一方面，消费还具有外部性，如果与他人相比自己的消费水平降低了，消费者的效用也会受到损失。

youdao