This process is highly conserved in eukaryotes.
该过程在进化过程中高度保守。
The chromosomes of eukaryotes are nucleoproteins.
真核细胞的染色体是核蛋白。
Antimicrobial peptides are found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
抗菌肽在原核生物与真核生物中都存在。
Eukaryotes are odd in that their genes are in pieces, rather than continuous.
真核细胞有一点很奇怪，它们的每段基因（在染色体上）不是头尾相连的，而是一簇簇的。
But what enabled eukaryotes to accumulate all these extra genes and proteins?
但什么东西可以使真核生物积聚如此之多、甚至有些多余的基因和蛋白质？
Gene expression in eukaryotes is regulated primarily at the level of transcription.
在真核生物中基因表达的调节主要是在转录水平。
The general features of nucleosome structure appear to be similar in all eukaryotes.
体结构的一般特性似乎在所有的真核生物中都很相似。
Archaeans have cell membranes that are completely different from both bacteria and eukaryotes.
古生菌还具有完全与细菌和真核生物不同的细胞膜。
Like other archaeans, their genomes share some similarities with both eukaryotes and bacteria.
像其他古生菌一样，这种古生菌的基因组同时与真核生物和细菌的基因组具有一些相似性。
Theory that introns were introduced into eukaryotes after the lineage separated from prokaryotes.
认为内含子是真核生物在与原核生物进化谱系分开以后才开始有的理论。
The two component system is a signal transduction pathway in both of the prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
双组分系统是广泛存在于原核和真核细胞中的信号转导系统。
Giardia is very distantly related to animals and fungi, and some think it resembles the very first eukaryotes.
Giardia和动物以及真菌几乎没什么历史渊源，有人认为它与最初的古真核生物很相似。
The components of the electron transport chain in eukaryotes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
真核生物中的电子传递链的组成部分，位于内线粒体膜。
Theory that introns were present in early life forms and were retained by eukaryotes, but lost by prokaryotes.
认为内含子在早期生命形式中即存在并被真核生物保留而被原核生物丢失的理论。
The most familiar domain, though arguably not the most important to the Earth's overall biosphere, is the eukaryotes.
最为熟知的应当是真核域，尽管对于地球生物圈而言，它可能并不是最重要的部分。
Furthermore, it summarizes the search results organism-wise for prokaryotes and chromosome-wise for eukaryotes.
此外，它总结了搜索原核生物的生物体方面和真核生物的染色体方面的结果。
But there are some important caveats: it counts only the eukaryotes, that is, critters with relatively complex cells.
但需要特别注意的是：他只是统计了真核生物，也就是那些细胞相对复杂的动物，而把细菌以及古生菌排除在外了。
The expression of heat shock gene in eukaryotes is regulated by conserved heat shock transcription factor (HSF).
真核生物中热激因子调节热激基因的表达。
While, like bacteria, archaeans don't have a cell nucleus, they share other traits with eukaryotes like you and me.
虽然，像细菌一样，古生菌也没有细胞核，但是它们与你我这样的真核生物具有其他共同的特性。
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is now considered as one of the most common regulatory processes in all eukaryotes.
泛素蛋白酶体途径是真核生物最普遍的调控过程之一。
Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration, and generally are the major energy production center in eukaryotes.
线粒体是有氧呼吸的场所，同时也是真核生物主要的能量产生中心。
Ciliate, a unicellular protozoa and low eukaryotes in evolution, has perfect vesicular trafficking system among organelles.
纤毛虫是单细胞的原生动物，在进化上属于低等的真核生物，但其各细胞器之间囊泡运输系统极为完善。
And that, Lane and Martin conclude, may well explain why complex life — eukaryotes — only evolved once in all of Earth's history.
莱恩和马丁总结而这很可能解释为什么复杂的生命——真核生物——在地球的历史上仅进化了一次。
The genomic DNA of eukaryotes together with positively charged histone proteins and other nuclear proteins comprises chromatin.
真核生物的基因组dNA连同带正电荷的组蛋白和其它核蛋白组成了染色质。
The UPR takes place in all eukaryotes and is currently the best understood model of inter-organellar signal transduction system.
未折叠蛋白反应存在于所有的真核细胞中，是人们了解最多的细胞器间信号传导系统模型。
But all this DNA has a big energetic cost that cripples even giant bacteria — stopping them from turning into more complex eukaryotes.
但是，所有这些DNA需要高能耗，大量成本甚至削弱巨大的细菌——阻止它们成为更为复杂的真核生物。
Homology search showed that this gene existed in eukaryotes and highly conserved throughout eukaryotes, suggesting an essential role of this gene.
同源性搜寻发现此基因存在于真核生物中而且保守性较强，表明它可能具有重要的作用。
Mitochondria give eukaryotes four or five orders of magnitude more energy per gene, and that enabled them to tunnel straight through the walls of the chasm.
线粒体给予真核生物每个基因四或者五个数量级多的能源，这使他们能够穿过鸿沟的墙壁，打开直通道。
Mitochondria give eukaryotes four or five orders of magnitude more energy per gene, and that enabled them to tunnel straight through the walls of the chasm.
线粒体给予真核生物每个基因四或者五个数量级多的能源，这使他们能够穿过鸿沟的墙壁，打开直通道。
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