So it only talks about equilibrium systems.
因此热力学只研究平衡系统。
Equilibrium systems are very unhappy if you try to change them.
平衡系统，很不喜欢改变。
Problems from nonlinear non-equilibrium systems are the hardest for the complexity research.
非线性非平衡系统是复杂性研究的难点所在。
The cable- strut tensile structures are the prestress equilibrium systems composed by tensional cables and struts.
索杆张力结构是指由张力索和压杆组成的、具有预应力自平衡的新颖结构体系。
The cable strut tensile structures are the self stress equilibrium systems composed by tensional cables and struts.
索杆张力结构是指由张力索和压杆组成的、具有预应力自平衡的新颖结构体系。
The critical phenomena in non-equilibrium systems has the scaling quality too, as same as the equilibrium critical.
非平衡临界和平衡临界一样具有标度性。
Her general research interests lie in non-equilibrium systems, and particularly on the longstanding problem of fluid turbulence.
她的研究兴趣主要是理解非平衡状态的复杂系统，特别是理解物理学的一个大难题湍流。
And added a structure of math upon it, to build this edifice, which is a very solid edifice of thermodynamics as a science of equilibrium systems.
了这座热力学的坚固大厦，这是一门，平衡态系统，的科学。
Up to the present, no general formula, covering all kinds of multiple equilibrium systems of mixed acids and bases has appeared in chemical literature.
目前在化学文献中还没有一个能够包括各种混合酸碱的复杂体系的通用计算公式。
Most systems exist in temporarily stable states of equilibrium.
大多数系统存在于暂时稳定的平衡状态之中。
Systems built on DEBA can be thought of as always moving towards equilibrium, with participants joining and leaving at will, based on application logic.
建立在DEBA之上的系统总是试图达到一种均衡，参与者可以随意的加入和离开，这些都是建立在应用程序逻辑的基础之上。
Nature loves chaos when it pushes systems toward equilibrium, and geeks call this universal property entropy.
大自然热爱混乱，这让它将一个个系统推向平衡状态。极客们称这一宇宙属性为熵。
Systems in mechanical equilibrium have a common pressure.
成力学平衡的体系压力相同。
In open systems far from equilibrium, there exists a big class of wave phenomena.
在远离平衡的开放系统中，存在着一大类波动的现象。
The reaction between Actual Maximum Yield (AMY) and Global Equilibrium Yield(GEY) in complex reaction systems are discussed.
本文讨论了复杂反应系统中实际最大产率与综合平衡产率之间的关系。
Normally, we do these things to keep an equilibrium among the different systems of the unconscious, but sometimes it doesn't work.
一般来说，我们会运用这些机制，去维持无意识系统的平衡，但有时防御机制也会不起作用。
The multilayer growth and architecture depend on the adsorption and desorption equilibrium in the systems.
自组装膜的增长和结构取决于体系中吸附和解吸的平衡。
So it applies to macroscopic systems that are in equilibrium, and how to go from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state, and it's entirely empirical in its foundation.
因此，热力学研究的是平衡态的宏观系统，以及如何从，一个平衡态过渡到另一个平衡态，它完全是建立在经验的基础上的。
The first chapter is about graph-directed self-similar sets in complete metric spaces, and the second chapter is about multifractal analysis of equilibrium measures in dynamical systems.
其中第一章是关于度量空间中的图定向自相似集合，第二章是关于动力系统中平衡态测度的重分形分析。
Ion exchange equilibrium of neutral amino acids on 732 strong acid cation exchange resin in non buffer systems were studied and an equilibrium model was proposed.
研究了非缓冲体系中性氨基酸在732型强酸性阳离子交换树脂上的离子交换平衡，并提出了平衡模型。
In view of the disadvantages of the present modeling methods for parachutes (suspension) systems, a novel method based on static equilibrium of the middle points is presented.
针对现有降落伞吊挂系统建模方法的缺点，基于中间点的静力平衡条件提出了一种新的建模方法。
This subject deals primarily with equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems, basic thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium of reactions in gas and solution phase, and rates of chemical reactions.
此课程主要讨论宏观系统的平衡态性质、基础热力学、气相与溶液中的化学反应平衡和化学反应速率。
The efficiency implies that the responses of water users for the equilibrium price systems in the market mechanism can implement the whole of optimal utility of the concentrated c.
这种有效性表现为在平衡价格系统下，市场分配机制实现了集中分配机制的最大整体效益。
Three methods for the correlation of phase equilibrium data of supercritical fluid (SCF) -solid systems were formulated, and the precision of correlation for these methods were compared.
系统地阐明了超临流体-固体系统相平衡的三种关联方法，对其关联精度进行了比较。
Based on the assumption that the retailer is asked to pay fixed rent and certain percentage of his total sales, this paper analyses the systems equilibrium results with two kinds of game assumptions.
本文在假设零售商支付给商场固定租金加分成租金的基础上，探讨了两种博弈类型下系统的均衡结果。
The equilibrium points of control systems with saturated inputs are defined.
首先引入了饱和系统平衡点的分类。
The efficiency implies that the responses of water users for the equilibrium price systems in the market mechanism can implement the whole of optimal utility of the concentrated control mechanism.
这种有效性表现为在平衡价格系统下，市场分配机制实现了集中分配机制的最大整体效益。
The formalism presented here can be applied to nuclear as well as other many fermion systems in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium states.
本文的讨论也适用于处于平衡或非平衡定常态的其他多体系统。
In this paper the numerical method is proposed for finding the equilibrium states of prestressed spatial member systems.
本文导出了空间张拉杆系统平衡状态寻找的数值方法。
In this paper the numerical method is proposed for finding the equilibrium states of prestressed spatial member systems.
本文导出了空间张拉杆系统平衡状态寻找的数值方法。
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