This paper derived the formulation for the real efficient emission coefficient of secondary electron under the condition that high energy primary electron incident on metal obliquely.
推导出高能原电子斜入射时的金属的有效真二次电子发射系数的表达式，它与入射角的余弦近似成反比。
Renewables account for only a small share of global primary energy consumption, which is still dominated by fossil fuels—30% each for coal and oil, 25% for natural gas.
可再生能源只占全球主要能源消耗的一小部分，化石能源仍然占主导地位——煤炭和石油各占30%，天然气占25%。
Physical – This is the primary and most fundamentalsource of energy.
生理的 -这是最主要和最根本的精力来源。
There are primary and satellite power points of energy on the planet.
在这个星球上有主要的和卫星功率点的能量。
Physical -this is the primary and most fundamental source of energy.
生理的-这是最主要和最根本的精力来源。
As one of the world's primary energy suppliers, Canada plays a pivotal role in promoting a positive outcome in Copenhagen.
作为世界上一个主要的能源供应国，加拿大在促成根本哈根会议取得积极进展上扮演关键的角色。
Global primary energy demand will remain overwhelmingly dominated by fossil fuels, with coal, oil and gas accounting for 82 percent in 2030 (currently 81 percent).
全球初级能源需求将继续以化石燃料为主，到2030年煤、石油和天然气将占82%(目前占81%)。
Even those automakers who are most bullish on alternative energy say that the IC engine will remain their primary propulsion system for decades.
即使那些最看好替代能源发展前景的汽车制造商也表示，内燃发动机在几十年内仍将是他们最主要的推进系统。
WORLDWIDE demand for primary energy will increase by 36% between 2008 and 2035, according to the International energy Agency's latest forecasts.
根据国际能源机构最近预测，从2008年到2035年，世界对主要能源的需求将增加36%。
For all of these reasons, a growing number of scientists and energy experts believe that the world should switch from uranium to thorium as its primary nuclear fuel.
出于所有这些理由，越来越多的科学家和能源专家认为，主要核燃料应该从铀转换成钍。
River travel may be faster and save energy when hypothermia is not a factor. It may be a primary mode of travel and LOC in a tropical environment (use with caution if evading).
如果保暖不存在问题的话，在河流中行进可能会更快，更省力。河流航行在热带地图可能是最主要的穿行方式。
The OECD consumed less primary energy last year than 10 years ago, although GDP since then has risen by 18%.
OECD去年消耗的一次能源比10年前更少，尽管其GDP从那时起已经增长了18%。
One of the primary drivers for Project Big Green was purely operational, meaning that customers had a hard time deploying new servers because of datacenter energy requirements and heating issues.
启动 ProjectBigGreen 计划的主要动力之一是纯运营性的，也就是说，由于数据中心的能源需求和热量问题，客户很难部署新的服务器，ProjectBig Green 试图解决这个问题。
The International energy Agency points out that global primary energy demand could rise by another 50 per cent by 2035.
国际能源机构(International Energy Agency)指出，到2035年，全球初级能源需求可能还会再增长50%。
Being able to devote more energy, concentration and flow to an activity is the primary goal of energy management.
如果能够把更多的精力注意力流向一项活动是精力管理的首要目标。
The United States will remain the primary source of clean-energy innovation.
美国将依然保持清洁新能源的主要输出国地位。
After a century as a primary source of artificial light these energy-guzzling bulbs are set to be replaced by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), powered by semiconductors.
在过去的一个世纪中，白炽灯泡一直为人造灯源的基本产品；但现在，耗能惊人的白炽灯泡注定将被由半导体驱动的发光二极管(LED)所替代。
This doesn't mean that wind and solar, which currently provide less than 1 percent of the world's primary energy, will replace fossil fuels, which provide 82 percent.
但这并不意味着仅为全球提供1%能源的风能和太阳能可以取代贡献82%能源的化石燃料。
Japan still imports 82% of its primary energy, down only five percentage points in 35 years.
日本主要能源的82%仍要进口，在35年里，只下降了5个百分点。
One is the life-cycle primary energy balance, or how much net energy the facility would provide over its lifetime.
其中一个能量指标就是生命周期的主要能量余额，或者说是设备将会在使用期内提供多少净能量。
One is the life-cycle primary energy balance, or how much net energy the facility would provide over its lifetime.
其中一个能量指标就是生命周期的主要能量余额，或者说是设备将会在使用期内提供多少净能量。
应用推荐