The consumption effect of the interest rise depends on the substitution effect and the income effect.
利率上升的消费效用取决于利率上升的替代效应和收入效应的作用之和。
According to whether the householder is retired, the object sample was divided into two group to separately study their consumption effect factors.
研究对象被划分为工作者家庭和退休者家庭两个样本，分别对其消费影响因素进行了研究。
They rarely take physical delivery of raw materials and have no effect on the actual production and consumption of metal, grain or oil.
他们很少进行原材料的实物交割，对金属、谷物或者石油的实际生产和消费没有影响。
There was no effect on average household consumption, at least within a year to 18 months of the experiment.
至少在18个月至一年的实验中尚未发现小额贷款对家庭平均消费的作用。
This had an adverse effect on consumption.
这对消费产生了抑制作用。
Some car and lorry drivers try to exploit this aerodynamic effect by tailgating big trucks to reduce their own fuel consumption. But it is exceedingly dangerous.
一些汽车和卡车司机紧随大型卡车之后行驶，利用空气动力学作用减少自身的燃油消耗，但是这种做法是相当危险的。
Any rise in home prices could still increase consumption, even if it does so by removing credit constraints rather than through the wealth effect.
房价的上升依然能够促进消费，即使是它是通过取消信用限制，而不是通过财富效应带来的。
But studies suggest that if you cut calorie consumption too drastically, your body counteracts the effect of dieting.
但研究结果显示，如果你的卡路里消耗量太过剧烈，你的身体会抵消掉节食的效果。
All this has the effect of increasing production and suppressing consumption.
所有这一切的结果是增加生产抑制消费。
Furthermore, memory can also be shut on and off as required to help balance server workloads, which have the effect of further decreasing energy consumption.
另外，还可以根据需要打开和关闭内存，这有助于平衡服务器工作负载，进一步降低能源消耗。
The studies looked at the effect the information had on fast-food consumption.
在那之后，埃尔利就这一标注对快餐消费的影响作了研究。
As the WCRF notes, health advice on regular alcohol consumption takes account of a wide range of conditions, including a protective effect for heart disease in men over 40 and post-menopausal women.
正如世界癌症基金会提到，对于常规酒精消费的健康建议，要考虑到很广泛的条件，包括对超过40的男性和已绝经的女性心脏病的抑制作用。
However, the latest research suggests that, in America at least, housing wealth has a bigger influence on consumption than financial assets, and the effect is increasing.
不过最近的研究表明，至少美国的房产财富效应对消费的影响要远大于金融资产的影响，而且效用还在增强。
This has the effect of reducing power consumption on the system while still delivering peak performance.
这可以在保持最高性能的同时减少系统的电力消耗。
Although this study showed no effect of egg consumption on cholesterol levels, Banes cautions that this may not be the right choice if you already have high cholesterol.
尽管该研究表明吃鸡蛋没有对胆固醇水平产生影响，贝恩斯提醒说如果你胆固醇水平已经很高的话，吃鸡蛋也许不是一个好的选择。
Producing a single calorie of beef can, by some estimates, require eight or more calories of grain feed, and expanded meat consumption therefore has a multiplier effect on demand for grains.
据估计，生产单位卡路里热量的牛肉，需要八倍以上的谷物饲料，而且肉类消费的增长会引起对谷物需求的乘数效应。
Of these five years, about two years can be attributed to an effect of alcohol intake. The remaining three years can be attributed to an effect of wine consumption.
在这5年中，有两年归因于酒精的摄入，剩余3年归因于红酒的消耗。
The WHO Framework Convention, which took effect in 2005, expresses alarm at "the increase in smoking and other forms of tobacco consumption by women and young girls worldwide".
于2005年生效的《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》对“全世界妇女和少女吸烟及其他形式烟草消费的增加”表示震惊。
The effect: faster browsing, less device power consumption and better security.
效果就是：浏览速度更快，设备功耗更低，更安全。
Moderate chocolate consumption significantly reduced heart failure risk, but the protective effect lessened as more or less was eaten.
适量吃巧克力可以很有效地降低心脏衰竭的几率，但吃得过多或过少都会削减其作用。
For most people, Jenkins says, it wouldn't require that much effort to boost consumption of these foods enough to achieve a cholesterol-reducing effect.
“对大多数人来说”，詹金斯博士说，“最困难的也许是如何摄入足量的降胆固醇食物，以达到预期目的。”
This is because alcohol consumption weakens the immune system and has a negative effect on patients' adherence to antiretroviral treatment.
饮酒造成这些疾患的原因是，它削弱免疫系统，并对患者继续接受抗逆转录病毒治疗造成不利影响。
In this paper the effect of using direct heater on heat economy of sugar factories is discussed, also the quantity analysis method and calculation equations for vapor consumption are introduced.
本文讨论了直接加热器在糖厂使用对糖厂热力经济的影响，介绍了直接加热过程蒸汽消耗的数量分析方法和计算公式。
High - end consumption, such as auto, gold and jewelry, fashion apparels and travel will likely benefit the most from the wealth effect.
高端消费，如汽车、黄金、珠宝、时尚饰品和旅游等，将从牛市的财富效应中受益最多。
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of retirement on lifecycle consumption.
本文的目的是讨论退休对生命循环消费的影响。
The empirical results show that Chinese stock market has no wealth effect yet and payable income and habit are still the main factors affecting consumers' consumption.
实证研究的结果表明，我国股票市场还不具有财富效应，影响居民消费的主要因素仍然是可支配收入和消费习惯。
Second, the opportunity in major consumption, major market and constructing the "effect of major economy".
第二，大消费、大市场与构建“大国经济效应”的机遇。
Second, the opportunity in major consumption, major market and constructing the "effect of major economy".
第二，大消费、大市场与构建“大国经济效应”的机遇。
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