The information conveyed by the olfactory signals on a buck rub make it the social equivalent of some auditory signals in other deer species, such as trumpeting by bull elk.
雄鹿的摩擦印记发出的嗅觉信号所传递的信息，使其与某些其他鹿类的听觉信号，比如公麋鹿的号角声，产生了相同的社会效果。
A vivid case in point is the prodigious antlers of the bull elk.
一个鲜明的例子就是公麋鹿的角的进化。
A harvested bull elk and its prized antlers are transported the old-fashioned way-by mule.
一头被猎取的公鹿的侧肋以及价值高昂的鹿角正用传统方式进行运输——用骡子驮。
In fall, the bull elk are in full rut and occasionally can be spotted in the basin as they gather their harems.
处于发情期的麋鹿集聚在一起，偶尔可以在盆地中辨认出来。
Breaking through snow to find food, this bull elk has added a white mask to his face and frosting to his antlers.
由于要钻入雪中寻找食物，这只公糜鹿脸上戴上了“白色面具”，鹿角上也结起了霜冻。
That's when he heard something rustling behind him in the bushes: another elk, a small bull that had smelled him and run away.
就在这时，他听到身后的灌木丛有沙沙的声音，一只小公鹿闻到他的气味就跑开了。
That's when he heard something rustling behind him in the bushes: another elk, a small bull that had smelled him and run away.
就在这时，他听到身后的灌木丛有沙沙的声音，一只小公鹿闻到他的气味就跑开了。
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