In all three cases, the fibroblasts produced mature brown fat cells.
在这三个例子中，纤维原细胞均产生了成熟的棕色脂肪细胞。
They believe this is because it induces 'bad' white fat cells to become energy-burning 'good' brown fat cells.
研究者们认为，这是因为感受器的激活能够诱导导“坏”脂肪变成能够燃烧热量的“好”脂肪。
Brown fat cells are loaded with mitochondria, but in them the various enzymes that lead to the production of ATP are "uncoupled" from each other.
棕色脂肪细胞里装载着线粒体，但它们中产生AT P的各种酶彼此互不耦联。
Dana-Farber's Bruce Spiegelman, who worked on the research, said in a telephone interview that researchers have been trying to find the genes that turn brown fat cells on.
达娜-法贝尔的BruceSpiegelman从事于这项研究，在一个电话采访中他说，研究人员一直在寻找能转化褐色脂肪细胞的基因。
Brown fat cells are equipped with a large supply of mitochondria — tiny organelles that use oxygen to burn sugar from the diet to generate heat, rather than store the energy as fat.
棕色脂肪细胞中有大量的线粒体——一种极小的细胞器，他们可以消耗氧气，燃烧膳食中的糖类来进行产热而不是把能量储存成为脂肪。
The scientists then transplanted the cells into mice, where they produced brown fat tissue.
科学家们接着将这些细胞转移到老鼠生产的棕色脂肪组织中。
But under certain conditions, such as those mimicking a cold environment, these progenitor cells can be induced to make more brown fat.
但是，在某些条件下，如模仿一个寒冷环境，这些母体细胞可被诱变，从而产生较多棕色脂肪。
From a biological perspective, also, brown fat is highly inefficient, since cells don't need heat to run; rather, they use ATP, another chemical produced by mitochondria.
而且，从生物的角度来看，棕色脂肪是非常低效的脂肪，因为细胞需要热量运行；相反，它们利用三磷酸腺苷——线粒体产生的另一种化学品。
With this switch in hand, the scientists showed they could manipulate it to force other types of cells in the laboratory to produce brown fat, known as Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT).
科学家成功在实验室内应用这种转化使其他类型的细胞制造棕色脂肪，即通常所说的棕色脂肪组织（BAT）。
In the lab, the scientists forced young skin cells from both mice and humans to make these proteins, which then transformed the skin cells into what looks and ACTS like natural brown fat.
科学家们致力于在实验室内通过小鼠和人类的年轻的皮肤细胞来制得这些蛋白质，而这些蛋白质则使皮肤细胞转换成无论是形状还是功能都像天然灰色脂肪的细胞。
Like natural brown fat, the engineered cells burned calories at an astonishing rate.
像天然灰色脂肪一样，这些工程细胞能以一种惊人的速度燃烧这卡路里。
Enerback and his team studied five patients and confirmed, using genetic analysis, that the cells around the neck were indeed brown fat.
enerback和他的小组研究5例病人后证实，用遗传学分析，在脖子上的组织确实是棕色脂肪。
Two other studies published in the same journal found that lean people tend to have more of these deposits than obese folks and that brown-fat cells are more active in the cold.
同一期上发表的另两项研究证实，瘦人容易比胖人储存更多的棕色脂肪，而且棕色脂肪在寒冷环境下更活跃。
Packed with mitochondria (the energy-generating units in cells), brown fat produces heat in response to cold temperatures, consuming a lot of calories in the process.
由于充满线粒体(细胞中的能量生成单元)，褐色脂肪在低温下能产生热量，在此过程中会消耗大量卡路里。
Brown fat helps produce a protein that switches off little cellular units called mitochondria, which are the cells' power plants: they help turn nutrients into energy.
棕色脂肪有助于产生一种蛋白质，这种蛋白质将一种被称作线粒体的小细胞单元关闭，而线粒体是细胞的能量工厂：它们帮助将营养转化为能量。
Brown fat helps produce a protein that switches off little cellular units called mitochondria, which are the cells' power plants: they help turn nutrients into energy.
棕色脂肪有助于产生一种蛋白质，这种蛋白质将一种被称作线粒体的小细胞单元关闭，而线粒体是细胞的能量工厂：它们帮助将营养转化为能量。
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