Conclusion Intradermal injection of distilled water is a safe, simple and effective method of analgesia, without any side effects for both mothers and newborns.

结论水针镇痛是一种对母婴无副作用的安全、简便、有效的镇痛方法。

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Conclusion Intradermal injection of distilled water is a safe, simple and effective method of analgesia, without any side effects for both mothers and newborns.

结论水针镇痛是一种对母婴无副作用的安全、简便、有效的镇痛方法。

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