The back-end tier is responsible for persisting and manipulating data.
后端这一层负责保存和操作数据。
The data repository tier, or back-end tier, comprises all of the model artifacts and the full structure of the models, which handle integrated business data from all required data sources.
数据存储库层，或后端层包含了所有的人工模型组件和完整的模型结构，它们处理所有必要数据源中的集成业务数据。
Figure 9 shows an architecture using gateway, middle tier and back-end on the server side.
图9显示了使用网关、中间层和服务器端后端的体系结构。
Gateway, middle tier, and back-end on server side.
网关、中间层和服务端后端。
Is based on the n-tier model and supports browser users (client node) and mobile users (pervasive user node) accessing back-end applications.
基于n层模型，支持浏览器用户(client节点)和移动用户(pervasiveuser节点)访问后端应用程序。
At the end of the contracts, however, wages generally snapped back up to a single tier.
然而，在合约末期，一般情况下工资很快又会回到单一标准。
The third tier is composed of back-end database.
第三层是后台数据库。
The third tier is composed of back-end database.
第三层是后台数据库。
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