Objective To introduce anatomic landmark for location and protection of superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery.
目的寻求甲状腺手术中对喉上神经和喉返神经提供定位和保护的应用解剖标志。
Conclusions: Identification of anatomic landmark and preservation the technological key points are important to perform laparoscopic antireflux surgery.
结论：腹腔镜抗返流手术中注意识别解剖标志与严格按照技术要点操作是手术成功的关键。
Conclusions: the method that using the central point of C2 inferior articular process as a key anatomic landmark for determining the enter point of C1 pedicle screws is accurate and reliable.
结论：用枢椎下关节突中点作为术中判定寰椎椎弓根螺钉进钉点的方法准确可靠。
Conclusions: the method that using the central point of C2 inferior articular process as a key anatomic landmark for determining the enter point of C1 pedicle screws is accurate and reliable.
结论：用枢椎下关节突中点作为术中判定寰椎椎弓根螺钉进钉点的方法准确可靠。
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