而马尔萨斯设想的减少“过剩人口”的办法之一是制订特殊的国家政策将大量的农夫杀死。
One of Malthus's solutions for reducing the "surplus population" was to introduce policies specifically designed to bring death to large Numbers of peasants.
有趣的是，马尔萨斯效应——说的是所有增加的收入都会被人口增长所吞噬——并未发生。
And the interesting thing is that the Malthus effect-which says the population will grow to eat up all of the incremental income-didn't happen.
托马斯马尔萨斯在1798年首次发表的《人口论》中,他预测,人口的的增长将超越世界粮食供应能力.
THOMAS MALTHUS first published his “Essay on the Principle of Population”, in which he forecast that population growth would outstrip the world’s food supply, in 1798.
博塞拉普的“反马尔萨斯模式”(30)认为，人口的压力会推动农业生产的增长。
An anti-Malthusian, Boserup (30), claimed that population pressure would lead to the growth of agricultural production.
新大陆摆脱了马尔萨斯主义的羁绊。 在当时，马尔萨斯理论即意味着只能通过降低生活水平实现人口的更快增长。
The New World removed Malthusian constraints, which, until then, had meant that higher population growth could be achieved only at the expense of lower living standards.
马尔萨斯主义者们会对他们所担心的数字增长找到铁证：人口看起来和以往增长一样快，或者更快。
Malthusians will find killer evidence for their fear in the new Numbers: the population looks as if it is growing as fast as ever, or faster.
单单这个是不能消除人口压力对资源的马尔萨斯担忧的。
This will not by itself dissolve Malthusian worries about the pressure of population on the world's resources.
在二十世纪早期，马尔萨斯对于人口控制的想法还与优生学和社会达尔文主义有关。
In the early twentieth century, Malthusian ideas on population control were linked to theories of eugenics and social Darwinism.
人口普查是在对过度拥挤与短缺的恐惧中诞生的：第一次现代人口统计，紧随托马斯.马尔萨斯关于英国无力自给自足的骇人预测之后，于1801年（进行）。
The census was born amid fears of overcrowding and shortages: the first modern headcount, in 1801, followed Thomas Malthus’s alarming projections about Britain’s inability to feed itself.
人口普查是在对过度拥挤与短缺的恐惧中诞生的：第一次现代人口统计，紧随托马斯.马尔萨斯关于英国无力自给自足的骇人预测之后，于1801年（进行）。
The census was born amid fears of overcrowding and shortages: the first modern headcount, in 1801, followed Thomas Malthus's alarming projections about Britain's inability to feed itself.
马尔萨斯观察到人口数量总是保持在可控制的范围，因为并非每个个体都有机会繁衍后代的。
Malthus observed that population was held in check because not every individual would survive to reproduce.
在当前因环境压力因素，马尔萨斯人口论向人们敲响警钟时，生育率的降低也不失为人们对全球人口走向担忧的一剂安抚剂。
At a time when Malthusian alarms are ringing because of environmental pressures, falling fertility may even provide a measure of reassurance about global population trends.
新马尔萨斯人口论学者认为现在世界人口太多。
当下，正值马尔萨斯主义的忧虑卷土重来、人们为地球人口过盛将导致的后果忧心忡忡之时，生育率的下降实在令人瞠目，也多少令人感到些许欣慰。
At a time when Malthusian worries are resurgent and people fear the consequences for an overcrowded planet, the decline in fertility is surprising and somewhat reassuring.
现代马尔萨斯人口论认为生育率降低并无多大意义。
Modern Malthusians tend to discount the significance of falling fertility.
在1798年，托马斯·马尔萨斯写了一篇名为《人口原理》的书。
In 1798 Thomas Malthus wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population".
马尔萨斯认为人口的增长快过生活资料的增长。
Malthus believed that population increase would outpace increases in the means of subsistence.
马尔萨斯认为，人口增长有超过食物供应的趋势。这便导致为食物而争斗，因此，为生存而争斗。
Malthus held that the human population tended to increase faster its food supply. This set up a struggle for the food and hence a struggle for existence.
1967年，一名马尔萨斯人口论者，保罗·埃利希，在文章中提到，“养活全人类的战争结束了…二十世纪七十年代和八十年代，会有数亿人因饥荒而死亡。”
In 1967 Paul Ehrlich, a Malthusian, wrote that "the battle to feed all of humanity is over... In the 1970s and 1980s hundreds of millions of people will starve to death."
诸如“人口大爆炸”(1968年)和“增长的极限”(1972)等书都预测在那些妇女育有5个或更多子女的国家会出现马尔萨斯危机(Malthusian crise)。
Books such as "The Population Bomb" (1968) and "The Limits to Growth" (1972) predicted Malthusian crises in countries where women were having five children or more.
他受到托马斯·马尔萨斯作品《An Essay onthePrincipleofPopulation》(《人口原理》)的影响，这部著作，马尔萨斯写于1798年。
He was influenced by Thomas Malthus' work, "An Essay on the Principle of Population" written in seventeen ninety-eight.
很多人有理由担心最终全世界都会证明马尔萨斯是对的——地球供养不了90亿人口。
Many people are justifiably worried that Malthus willfinally be proved right on a global scale—that the planet won’t be able to feednine billion people.
如马尔萨斯所言，人口自然地以「几何级数」增加，或是我们现在的说法是函数增加。
Population, as Malthus said, naturally tends to grow "geometrically, " or, as we would now say, exponentially.
当社会没有达到了马尔萨斯理论的限度，像那些在人口统计学优势范围中的种群，群体动力学就较少的表现出零和思想。
When societies are not at the Malthusian limit, such as those groups which are the wave of demographic advance, between group dynamics may be less characterized by zero-sum thinking.
我从来不相信马尔萨斯的人口理论。
他们都站在巨人的肩膀之上：英国经济学家托马斯·马尔萨斯在19世纪预测人口的增长将导致大规模的饥荒和灾难。
They all stand on the shoulders of giants: British economist Thomas Malthus predicted in the 19th century that the rise in population would lead to widespread famine and catastrophe.
本文介绍了现代马尔萨斯主义人口经济理论的最大特点—人口压力。
This passage introduces of population pressure - the greatest feature of modern malthusian theory, of economics of population.
本文介绍了现代马尔萨斯主义人口经济理论的最大特点—人口压力。
This passage introduces of population pressure - the greatest feature of modern malthusian theory, of economics of population.
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