市场制度的演化受到文化的直接的非正式约束和间接的强制性约束。
The change of market systems is subject to both direct informal and indirect compulsory restraints of culture.
制度是规则的集合，是一系列正式约束和非正式约束组成的规则网络。
Institution is the regulation aggregation, is a series of the regulation network that are composed of formal constraint and informal constraint.
尽管正式规则能突然改变，而非正式约束却远不受变化的干扰，并能强有力的延缓突然的变化。
While the formal rules can be changed overnight, the informal constraints are much more impervious to change and impose a powerful drag on abrupt change.
从非正式约束角度来分析，在集体文化形态中的集体惩戒机制下，股东与经理之间信任与忠诚的关系是一个重要因素。
Judging from its informal obligations, the confidence and loyalty between business owners and the management are the most important factors supported with collective penalty mechanism.
工程质量监督制度由正式约束、非正式约束和实施机制三要素构成，在不同的监督阶段这三要素包含的内容有所不同。
Engineering quality supervision institution is constituted by three factors: formal constraints, informal constraints and enforcement mechanism, which are some different in above three stages.
很快就会看到，Contract 4 J添加了强迫使用约束的特性，这比Junit测试中隐式的非正式文档有相当大的优势。
As you'll soon see, Contract4J has the added feature of enforceable usage constraints, which is a considerable advantage over the informal documentation that is implicit in JUnit tests.
几十名电脑游戏爱好者见证了这对新人的大喜之日，还有一名真实的牧师到场，不过他强调说这并非正式的“婚姻”，没有法律约束力。
The couple's special day was witnessed by dozens of computer game fans and overseen by a real-life priest, although he stressed that the "wedding" was not official or legally binding.
这种方法的主要目的是采用真实数据建立一个正式或非正式的数据库，这些真实数据来自于在企业组织中典型的运营约束条件下实现的项目。
The main objective of this approach is to develop a formal or informal database with real-world values, based on projects implemented under the organization's typical operational constraints.
第二种虽非正式的法源，却具有实质意义上的约束力，在现实中发挥着和法律规范相同的作用，可称之为“行政判例”；
The second one is informal, but has practical binding forces and plays the same role with legal norms. We can call it precedent administrative cases.
第二种虽非正式的法源，却具有实质意义上的约束力，在现实中发挥着和法律规范相同的作用，可称之为“行政判例”；
The second one is informal, but has practical binding forces and plays the same role with legal norms. We can call it precedent administrative cases.
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