月亮的表面布满陨石坑。
在火星上，直径小于5公里的陨石坑相对较少。
On Mars, there are relatively few craters less than 5 kilometers in diameter.
这个陨石坑现在深埋在沉积物中，最初直径约200公里。
The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter.
根据无线电测量数据，我们可以得知盆地里有许多较小的陨石坑。
From radio survey data, we know that the basin contains lots of smaller craters.
这样大小的小行星即使受到冲击碎裂之后也会留下一个巨大的陨石坑。
An asteroid of this size would be expected to leave an immense crater, even if the asteroid itself was disintegrated by the impact.
即使被从陨石坑中挖掘出的陆地物质稀释，这种陨石成分也很容易识别。
Even diluted by the terrestrial material excavated from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified.
和在月球的一样，大型撞击陨石坑的范围之广可以显示出火星表面的年龄。
As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface.
然而，火星上的喷出物则由于那些溅出或溢出陨石坑的液体而令人印象深刻。
However, the ejecta on Mars gives the distinct impression of a liquid that has splashed or flowed out of crater.
“好奇号”实际所在的位置是火星赤道附近一个名为盖尔的96英里宽的陨石坑。
Where the Curiosity actually sits is a 96-mile-wide crater named Gale near the Martian equator.
理论上，我们可以通过研究一个名为南极-艾特肯盆地的巨大陨石坑来做到这一点。
We could do this in theory by studying an enormous impact crater, known as the South Pole-Aitken Basin.
水手号宇宙飞船发现火星表面，还有它的两个卫星表面，都有由太空坠落的流星体造成的陨石坑。
The Mariner spacecraft found that the surface of Mars, as well as that of its two moons, is pitted with impact craters formed by meteoroids falling in from space.
地质学家认为，这个具有流体化喷出物的陨石坑表明，在地表下几米深处有一层永久冻土层或水冰。
Geologists think that this fluidized ejecta crater indicates that a layer of permafrost, or water ice, lies just a few meters under the surface.
在其他地区，你会看到峡谷、裂谷、陨石坑、熔岩圆顶，这些熔岩构造的形状看起来就像巨大的煎饼。
In other areas, you've got canyons, ripped valleys, meteo craters, lava domes, these lava formations that look like giant pancakes.
到目前为止，在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛已经发现了几个这样的二级陨石坑，而且，在墨西哥和海地都发现了热休克石英。
To date, several such secondary craters have been found along Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, and heat-shocked quartz has been found both in Mexico and in Haiti.
从火星熔岩流上出现的少量陨石坑中，我们可以估计，在5亿年前，这个星球上的火山还很活跃——也许现在依然活跃。
From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today.
与月球上相同，那些巨大陨石坑的范围（例如，那些巨大到自形成后尚未被尘埃填满的陨石坑）标志着火星表面的年龄。
As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering (i.e. craters too big to have been filled in by erosion since they were formed) serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface.
大量的抛射物撞击更大的天体，形成各种各样的陨石坑，包括“多环盆地”——在行星和卫星上观察到的最大的地质特征。
Massive projectiles striking much larger bodies create various kinds of craters, including "multi-ring basins"—the largest geologic features observed on planets and moons.
围绕在月球陨石坑周围的喷出物，正是人们所能预料到的在一次爆炸中能得到的物质，爆炸喷发出大量灰尘、土壤和岩石。
The ejecta surrounding the lunar crater is just what one would expect from an explosion ejecting a large volume of dust, soil, and boulders.
巨大的抛射物撞击更大的天体，创造了各种各样的陨石坑，包括多环盆地——这是在行星和卫星上观察到的最大的地质特征。
Massive projectiles striking much larger bodies create various kinds of craters, including multi-ring basins—the largest geologic features observed on planets and moons.
如果我们有岩石样本用于研究，我们就能知道，这些小陨石坑是在行星形成的最后阶段被撞击形成的，还是后来的流星雨造成的。
If we had rock samples to study, we'd know whether these small craters were formed by impacts during the final stages of planetary formation, or if they resulted from later meteor showers.
然而，火星陨石坑被填满的速度比月球陨石坑快很多。
However, Martian craters get filled in considerably faster than their lunar counterparts.
这使它成为太阳系中已知最大的陨石坑，也可能是最古老的陨石坑。
That makes it the biggest known crater in our solar system and it may well be the oldest.
这次撞击释放了大量的能量，挖出了一个大约有月球上的第谷陨石坑两倍大的陨石坑。
This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavating a crater about twice as large as the lunar crater Tycho.
只要找到了通向月球两极附近陨石坑底部的路，这些水分子就会永远冻结，因为这些陨石坑的底部总是在阴暗处。
Any water molecules that found their way to the floors of craters near the moon's poles, that water would be perpetually frozen, because the floors of those craters are always in shadow.
尤卡坦半岛上富含铱的沉积层和一个巨大的陨石坑提供了证据，证明了约6500万年前，一颗大型陨石撞击了地球。
An iridium-enriched sediment layer and a large impact crater in the Yucatn provide evidence that a large meteorite struck Earth about 65 million years ago.
我们知道，行星研究人员喜欢研究深深的陨石坑，以了解造成这些陨石坑的撞击，以及它们是如何重新分配行星的地壳物质的。
You know planetary researchers love studying deep craters to learn about the impacts that created them, and how they redistributed pieces of the planet's crust.
巴林杰陨石坑的直径有1.2千米。
首先，一枚空火箭壳体撞入卡比欧斯陨石坑。
陨石坑所产生的影响，几乎可以摧毁整个的土卫一。
The impact that made this crater likely almost destroyed Mimas.
陨石坑所产生的影响，几乎可以摧毁整个的土卫一。
The impact that made this crater likely almost destroyed Mimas.
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