按照科斯和阿尔钦等人对公司的定义，企业是一个由各种要素所有者形成的合约。
According to Coase and Alchian's definition, the corporation is a contract consisting of variety essential factors.
阿尔钦和登姆塞茨还解释了教授偷取办公文具之类的“卑劣小伎俩”为何可以逍遥法外。
The two economists also explain why professors get away with “turpitudinal peccadillos” like stealing office stationery.
比如，阿曼•阿尔钦和哈罗德•登姆塞茨在1972年的一篇论文中描述了企业是如何作为一种防止团队生产中的偷懒现象的组织形式演化的。
A 1972 paper by Armen Alchian and Harold Demsetz, for example, describes how the firm evolved as an organisational form to prevent shirking in team production.
现在在哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的查尔斯·阿尔科克在1979年提出了这个检测，随后普林斯顿大学2007年已故的教授波丹帕钦·斯基随后提出了同样的检测。
The test was proposed in 1979 by Charles Alcock, now at the harvard-smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the late Bohdan Paczynski, who was a professor at Princeton until his death in 2007.
现在在哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的查尔斯·阿尔科克在1979年提出了这个检测，随后普林斯顿大学2007年已故的教授波丹帕钦·斯基随后提出了同样的检测。
The test was proposed in 1979 by Charles Alcock, now at the harvard-smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the late Bohdan Paczynski, who was a professor at Princeton until his death in 2007.
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