对泡沫的识别大致可以分为两类途径：一类是从股价的整体长期变动趋势来确定泡沫；
We can recognize these bubbles by two means: the first one is to ascertain bubbles according to the long-term trend of changes of stock prices;
现有的经济理论倾向于支持乐观派，理性消费者会依据财富变动而对他们长期支出进行调整，而不是悠闲自在的去面对。
Economic theory tends to support the optimists. Rational consumers should adjust their long-term spending in response to changes in their wealth, not the ease with which they can tap it.
销售回报与第三财季CSP的变动呈显著正相关，这说明CSP得到改善时，长期收益或许也可出现。
Return on sales was significantly positively related to change in CSP for the third financial period, indicating that long-term financial benefits may exist when CSP is improved.
奇怪的是中央银行家们完全否认长期利率的任何责任，而原则上长期利率部分基于对短期利率变动的估计。
There is something odd about central bankers denying any responsibility at all for long-term rates, which are, in principle, based partly on an assessment of a stream of short-term rates.
石油项目看起来越来越费钱，风险也越来越大，也将长期依赖变动不定的石油市场。
Oil projects look increasingly pricey and risky-and they will always depend on a volatile oil market.
在对长期合同工进行保护以及限制工资变动的情况下，很多小型或者中型的企业面临着破产的风险。
Given protection for permanent employees and limited wage flexibility, many small and medium-sized enterprises risk bankruptcy.
理论上，房价、租金和收入从长期来看都应当同步变动。
Theory asserts that house prices, rents, and incomes should move in tandem over the long run.
前瞻性指引指的是银行为市场提供其对于利率走势变动的长期预测的想法。
The concept of forward guidance is that the Bank gives the market an idea of its longer-term expectations for rate moves.
显然，长期以来我的计划已经有了一些变动，而且对想出点子是更加热爱。
Obviously, over the years my plans have changed somewhat and I've fallen more in love with the process of coming up with ideas.
他们显示了资本对产量的比率，发现就算税率变动，这一比率却能长期保持平稳，令人惊异。
They point to ratios of capital to output, which are surprisingly stable over time despite tax swings.
中央银行主要目的就是评估和分析经济变动，以及调节基本利率来引导经济保持长期增长。
The main aim of a central bank is to assess and analyze the changes in the economy and make adjustments to the base interest rates to guide it to sustainable long-term growth.
约翰当了近二十年学校的看门人。他长期不曾变动过。
John has been the school caretaker for nearly twenty years. He's become part of the furniture.
无论从长期还是短期分析，我国股票市场的变动都会给居民消费带来财富效应。
Whether long or short-term analysis of changes, stock market will bring to the consumer wealth effect in China.
长期的水位变动在植物群落演替上扮演重要的角色。
Under moderate water level fluctuations, the species diversity will increase, and perennial water level fluctions play an important role in community succession.
第二部分是实证检验，考察在选定的时间段内储蓄变动与股市涨跌是否存在长期均衡关系，如果二者之间存在均衡关系，试图构建一个模型来描述二者之间的关系。
The second part is the empirical analysis, it tests whether the long-run equilibrium exists between the savings change and the stock market volatility in the chosen period.
能源消费对于经济增长的影响非常显著，并且能源消费总量的变动在短期对GDP的影响要大于长期的影响。
The impact of energy consumption to economic growth is very significant, and the change impact for the total energy consumption in the short-term on the GDP is greater than the long-term.
同时，长期均衡误差项对消费的变动有较大的反向调整力度。
Meanwhile the error of long-term equilibrium conducts a great reversing adjustment to the change…
文章对2008年以来物价变动的翘尾因素、新涨价因素，以及物价变动的成本因素进行分解，以此为视角考察未来物价的短期与中长期发展趋势。
The paper studies and analyses the tail-raising factor, new price-rising factor of price variation as well as cost factor of price variation since the beginning of 2008.
文章对2008年以来物价变动的翘尾因素、新涨价因素，以及物价变动的成本因素进行分解，以此为视角考察未来物价的短期与中长期发展趋势。
The paper studies and analyses the tail-raising factor, new price-rising factor of price variation as well as cost factor of price variation since the beginning of 2008.
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