第四章从外部竞争、信息不对称、风险管理经验不足和产品因素四个方面对邮储银行小额贷款的风险形成的原因进行分析。
Fourth chapter from external competition, asymmetric information, inexperience and factors of risk management of the four causes of postal savings bank micro-credit risk analysis.
这个工具是一个农民借助当地银行的小额贷款开发的。
It is a tool developed by a farmer with a small loan from local bank.
小额贷款依赖于同行的压力来偿还贷款，这一定会让任何主流银行家羡慕不已，因为他们正在与越来越多的止赎和“叮当邮件”作斗争。
Microfinance's reliance on peer pressure for repayment must be the envy of any mainstream banker struggling with rising foreclosures and "jingle mail".
我去年在四川时考察了一个项目点，我们在那里与德国开发银行等合作伙伴一起帮助开发小额贷款。
When I was in Sichuan Province last year, I actually visited a site where we're helping to develop some microlending with partners such as KfW, the German development bank.
格来明银行是专门向赤贫的穷人发放小额贷款的银行，他们有97%左右的客户是妇女。
Some 97 per cent of borrowers from Grameen Bank’s microcredit schemes, which lends small sums of money to the poorest of the poor, are women.
麻省理工的研究者们发现三分之一以上的商业都开设在拥有小额贷款银行支行的贫民窟。
The MIT researchers found that as many as one-third more businesses had opened in slums which had a microcredit branch.
手机银行方案还包含小额贷款，扩展了信贷渠道，而且能够建立贷款人的信用记录。
M-banking schemes can be combined with microfinance loans, extending access to credit and enabling users to establish a credit history.
银行拒绝发放小额贷款，因为毫无利润可言。而通过互联网或高利贷者的地下贷款又令人提心吊胆。
Banks refuse to make small loans because there is no money in it, and completely unregulated lending, via the Internet or loan sharks, is too alarming.
国民银行辩称，其利润将用来打造小额贷款产业。
Compartamos also argues that its profits will build a microfinance industry.
但是银行将小额贷款的利息上调到20%，并且有时要求甩卖300%的抵押品来还贷款。
But Banks charge up to 20% in interest on small loans and sometimes demand 300% in collateral should they need to recoup capital in a fire sale.
其他国家这样的小额贷款银行逐渐变得能够自给自足，这样他们就不需要持续不断的追加资金来支付经营性开支。
Microbanks in other countries are increasingly aiming to become self-sustaining so they don't need to continually raise funds to pay operational expenses.
总体上看，在海地原本就从事小额贷款服务或者现在正冒险开展这项业务的银行的比例已经上升到了18%，这是1年前的2倍。
Over all, the share of microcredit clients in Haiti who have defaulted or are at risk of doing so has risen to 18 percent, more than double the rate of a year ago.
在受灾地区小额贷款银行的1800位工作人员中，有600人失去了自己的家园。
Out of 1, 800 microbank employees in the affected region, 600 lost their homes.
该机构认为国有东北部银行的小额贷款计划Crediamigo已使100多万东北人摆脱了贫困。
The institute reckons that Crediamigo, the state-owned Banco do Nordeste’s micro-credit programme, has lifted more than 1m north-easterners out of poverty.
Grameen银行(专门从事小额贷款，被称为乡村银行)创始人和常务董事muhammad Yunus在麻省理工斯隆商学院。
Founder and managing director, Grameen Bank, at MIT's Sloan School of management.
其结果是，小额贷款的业主，银行不存在任何风险。
As a result, owners of small loan, the bank does not exist any risk.
循环贷款基金计划设立于贫穷社区，提供小额贷款给没有信用纪录或无法取得商业银行贷款的企业家。
A revolving loan fund program is set up in an impoverished community and provides small loans to entrepreneurs who have no credit history or access to commercial bank loans.
按照规定，小额贷款的利率不能超过银行基准利率的4倍。
According to regulations, small loans can not exceed the bank interest rate of 4 times the benchmark rate.
通过合理的政策和得力的措施，可以引导民间资本参与小额贷款组织、参与村镇银行、参与农村资金互助社。
Through a series of reasonable policy and effected measures, it could guide private capital to participate in village and town banks, micro-finance organization and fund mutual cooperative.
但是与传统借贷者相比，小额贷款者的运营成本更高。由于高昂的运营成本，类似于亚洲发展银行这样的组织反对对利率施加限制。
But micro lenders also face higher operating costs compared to traditional lenders. Groups like the Asian Development Bank oppose limits on interest rates because of these high business costs.
尤努斯被誉为“穷人的银行家”，被视为小额信贷和小额贷款行业的先驱。
Called "the Banker to the Poor," Yunus is seen as one of the pioneers of microcredit and the microfinance industry.
小额贷款，特别是贷给小企业的无抵押款项是一项劳动密集又成本不菲的业务。 以墨西哥国民银行为例，客户年均贷款额为152美元，需要支付的利息为450美元。
Microfinance, especially lending to microentrepreneurs with no collateral, is labour-intensive and costly—in Compartamos's case, around $152 a year per client, with an average loan of $450.
小额贷款，特别是贷给小企业的无抵押款项是一项劳动密集又成本不菲的业务。 以墨西哥国民银行为例，客户年均贷款额为152美元，需要支付的利息为450美元。
Microfinance, especially lending to microentrepreneurs with no collateral, is labour-intensive and costly—in Compartamos's case, around $152 a year per client, with an average loan of $450.
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