第三部分介绍了国外商业银行体制改革的案例。
The third part introduces some cases from foreign commercial Banks.
存款准备金制度是在中央银行体制下建立起来的。
The System Of Deposit Reserves is established under the system of the central bank.
后面就是2001年的HIH倒闭，导致了对银行体制疏漏的修订。
Then came the collapse of HIH Insurance in 2001, which led to a revision of regulatory oversight.
中央银行体制自产生以来，各国中央银行无不在强化中央银行的卓然地位，追求中央银行的独立性。
Since the emergence of the central bank system, the central bank of every country has been strengthening its supreme position by pursuing independence.
文章通过对日本中央银行的独立性进行分析和讨论，以期对我国目前正在进行的中央银行体制改革有所启示。
Analyzing and discussing the independence of the Central Bank of Japanese Bank, it is hoped to get enlightenment for China's Central Bank system reform.
银行家：是的，每个银行都必须立案或者得到准许证才能营业。但是在美国，我们这里实行的是双重银行体制。
Yes, every E bank must have a charter or license to do business . But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.
银行家：是的，每个银行都必须立案或者得到准许证才能营业。但是在美国，我们这里实行的是双重银行体制。
Yes, every % bank must have a charter or license to do business. But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.
银行家：是的，每个银行都必须立案或者得到准许证才能营业。但是在美国，我们这里实行的是双重银行体制。
Yes, every o bank must have a charter or license to do business. But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.
基于以上认识，笔者认为从产权理论的角度来研究我国商业银行体制改革这一课题，具有理论上和实践上的双重意义。
From the above, the author thinks the research task of our commerce Banks system reform from the point of property right theory has double significance both in theory and practice.
正因为现代商业银行体制特征集中体现在现代公司制度上，所以需要用现代公司理论来研究国有商业银行体制再造课题。
It is because modern commercial banking system embodies mainly the modern corporation system that studying state-owned system remaking needs modern corporation theory.
西班牙银行认为，此举对于体制的净效应是中立的，因为它同时也限制了不良消费者贷款政策。
The Bank of Spain maintains that the net effect on the system will be neutral since it is also tightening rules for bad consumer loans.
即使德国银行获得存款，它们巨大的欧元区资产会被减值：记住，德国是该体制最大的债权国。
Even if German Banks gained deposits, their large euro-zone assets would be marked down: Germany, remember, is the system's biggest creditor.
这项建议似乎很有吸引力，因为它作用于对行业征收经费的流动资金体制，与美国联邦存款保险公司为银行作出的存款保险计划相似。
The proposal that seems to be gaining most traction is for a liquidity facility funded by a levy on the industry, akin to the FDIC’s deposit-insurance scheme for banks.
试点的挑选必须是近年来业绩显著、实力雄厚、体制改革成功的银行。
The selection of pilot banks must be based on their performances in recent years, their strength, and their success in the financial reform.
但这一过程也支持了银行所宣称的精英体制。
But the process also underpins the bank's claim of meritocracy.
在风险加权资本体制下运作的欧洲银行则可以购买此类证券化资产，由于此类资产需要较低的资本补充。
European banks which operated only under a risk-weighted capital regime were able to buy those very same assets because they attracted a low capital charge.
但这些措施均没有触及体制不合理这个根本问题，因而无法从根本上控制银行风险增量，提高银行经营绩效。
But all these measures have not touched the unreasonable system foundation of the banking system, therefore unable to control the risk increment fundamentally and improve performance.
劳为一个君主专制体制工作而从中获利，因为后者可以颁布法令规定赋税应当以劳的新银行Banque Générale的记名股票形式交付。
Law had the benefit of working for an absolute monarchy which could decree that taxes should be paid in the form of notes issued by his new bank, Banque Générale.
菲亚特已经完成体制改革，意大利的银行，曾经是出了名的效率低下，先在已经变的有国际竞争力了。
Fiat has been transformed. The banks, once notoriously inefficient, have become internationally competitive.
然而由于历史的原因，国有商业银行也存在着体制僵化，经营产品单一，市场竞争动力不足等问题。
However, nationalized commercial bank also has some questions such as system ossification, dealing in singular product and lacking of market competitive power for history.
中国入世和股份制商业银行的扩张，正对国有商业银行的这种激励体制形成极大的挑战。
Chinas having been in the WTO and the expansion of joint-stock commercial Banks are challenging the invigorative system.
由于各国中央银行所处的体制和环境不同，客观上存在着信息沟通的不同策略。
Because the various countries' Central Bank locates the system and the environment are different, objectively existence information communication different strategy.
通过对产权制度、组织结构和经营管理体制的分析，发现我国商业银行经营管理中存在着严重的信息不对称。
By analyzing property rights, organizational structure and management system, it is found that information asymmetry is serious in the operating management of commercial Banks in China.
近来，各银行联合起来援助和支持同伴的愿望实际上已经降低，因为我们现在有了竞争更激烈的体制。
More recently, the willingness of the Banks to get together to bail out and support their colleagues has actually been diminishing with the more competitive system we now have.
商业银行采取何种组织模式管理不良资产是银行管理体制改革需要探索和讨论的新课题。
Which organizational patterns to manage bad assets commercial Banks should adopt in banking management regime reform is a new topic needed probing and discussing.
在我国黄金统收专营的体制下，黄金生产企业开采提纯后的产品必须由人民银行统收，一部分作为国家储备，其余的由人民银行专营配售给用金单位。
Under this system the final refined product of gold enterprises must be purchased by the state bank, a part of gold for state reserve, the rest distributed to relevant units by the bank.
在我国黄金统收专营的体制下，黄金生产企业开采提纯后的产品必须由人民银行统收，一部分作为国家储备，其余的由人民银行专营配售给用金单位。
Under this system the final refined product of gold enterprises must be purchased by the state bank, a part of gold for state reserve, the rest distributed to relevant units by the bank.
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