首先，介绍量子信息学基本概念和进展。
First, the basic concept and the progress of quantum information is introduced.
量子通信是量子信息学中研究较早的领域。
As a subject of quantum information science, quantum communication has been researched for many years.
量子力学和信息科学结合产生了量子信息学。
Quantum information originates from quantum mechanics and information science.
量子博弈是量子信息学最近兴起的又一分支。
Quantum games has becoming a new arisen branch of the quantum information.
没有其他的领域能比量子信息学更明显地表明这一点了。
Nowhere is this more evident than in the field of quantum information.
当前量子信息学无论在理论上，还是在实验上都在不断取得重要突破。
Nowadays, some significant progress about quantum information has been obtained in both theory and experiment.
当前，量子算法在各种系统中的物理实现是量子信息学领域的研究热点之一。
At present, the realization of quantum algorithm in different physical systems is one of the hot problems of quantum information field.
在第二章中，我们介绍了量子信息学中的一些基本概念，为之后几章的论述打下基础。
Chapter 1 gives a short introduction on the quantum information science and the outlines of this dissertation.
在量子信息学中人们利用的是量子态本身，其基本任务是量子态的存储、操纵、传输与读出。
Quantum state is used in quantum information itself as quantum bit rather than probability in other quantum problems.
量子通信是量子信息学的一个重要分支，主要包括量子隐形传态、量子稠密编码、量子秘钥分配等。
Quantum communication is an important branch of quantum information, embracing quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum key distribution and so on.
量子信息学作为新兴学科在国际上兴起是在1994之后，虽然时间很短，但已取得了一系列重要突破。
Quantum informatics as a newly emerging subject didn't rise in the world until 1994. Though the time is short, a series of important breakthroughs have been gained.
量子通信是量子信息学的一个非常重要的分支，目前主要涉及到量子隐形传态、量子密集编码、量子密钥分配等。
Quantum communication is a very important branch of quantum information. At present, it mainly contains quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum key distribution, and so on.
量子信息学是量子力学和信息科学相结合而产生的一门新兴的交叉学科，主要包括量子通信和量子计算两个分支。
Quantum information science is a new subject combining quantum mechanics and classical information theory. It mainly includes two branches, namely, quantum communication and quantum computation.
它是量子信息学的重要分支也是量子信息学中研究较早的领域，包括量子隐形传态、量子克隆、量子秘密分享等等。
It is an important and early researched branch of quantum information, including quantum teleportation, quantum cloning, quantum secret sharing, etc.
“如果人们没有担忧过量子物理的基础，量子信息学这个领域甚至不会存在。”奥地利维也纳大学的安东？蔡林格说。
"This field wouldn't even exist if people hadn't worried about the foundations of quantum physics," says Anton Zeilinger of the University of Vienna in Austria.
量子纠缠是量子力学最突出的性质之一，它在量子信息学中的各个领域都具有重要的作用，量子纠缠态的产生和操作日益受到人们的关注。
Quantum communication is an important branch of quantum information science, mostly involving quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum secret share, quantum key distribution, and so on.
这个根本性的变化在物理学中触发一个连锁反应，这个反应目前已经波及到了经典物理学，低温物理学，量子物理学，信息学和宇宙学。
This substantial change has triggered an chain reaction among physics that has spread to classical physics, cryogenics, quantum physics, informatics and cosmology so far.
这个根本性的变化在物理学中触发一个连锁反应，这个反应目前已经波及到了经典物理学，低温物理学，量子物理学，信息学和宇宙学。
This substantial change has triggered an chain reaction among physics that has spread to classical physics, cryogenics, quantum physics, informatics and cosmology so far.
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