采用最大似然估计或最大后验概率准则，用估计值来取代前面等式中的真实值。
Either the maximum likelihood estimate or the maximum a posteriori estimate may be used in place of the exact value in the above equations.
如果概率很低，那就可以不采用平均值是最佳预测值这一无效假设，并且相应地可以确信简单线性模型是与数据良好吻合的。
If that probability is low, then you can reject the null hypothesis that the mean is the best predictor and, correspondingly, gain confidence that a simple linear model offers a good fit for the data.
提供了一个在数学期望值不相等条件下进行概率分析的新方法，该方法采用所谓标准差系数作为分析指标。
Using the standard deviation coefficient as analysis target, the author provides a new probability analysis method, in case the mathematical expectations are different.
通过相隔固定的帧差值阅值化得到背景样本值，并采用高斯核密度估计方法计算背景灰度的概率密度函数。
The background samples are chosen by thresholding inter-frame differences, and the Gaussian kernel density estimation is used to estimate the probability density function of background intensity.
计算数据表明，采用递减转发概率将使得重路由路径长度的期望值显著降低，因而能保证良好的通信延时。
The calculation result demonstrates that descending forward probability makes the expected value of rerouting path decrease distinctly, therefore limits the communication delay.
对于语者辨识，语者特定模型直接用语者的语料借助于期望值最大化算法（EM）来训练，辨识算法采用了最大事后概率法则（MAP）；
For speaker identification, Expectation Maximization Algorithm (EM) is adopted to train speaker dependent model, and afterwards recognize speaker according to Maximum a Posteriori Criterion (MAP).
当缺少荷载出现概率资料时，本文采用在各种荷载位置作用下结构失效概率的最大值。
When there is not any information of load-appearance probability, approximately applied in this paper is the maximum value of the probability of structural failure under the action of various loads.
采用最小变换方法，给出设计基准期内车辆荷载随机过程最大值概率分布及其统计参数。
By means of the minimum transformation, the maximum distribution of filtered Poisson process and its statistical parameters are given during the design reference period.
传统的粒子滤波通常采用系统转移概率作为建议分布，但传统的建议分布选取方法由于没有考虑新的观测信息，因此不能产生准确的估计值。
The traditional particle filter USES system transition probability as the proposal distribution without considering the new observing information; therefore, they cannot give accurate estimation.
把运动矢量场建模为高斯马尔科夫随机场，对丢失图像块的运动矢量采用最大后验概率方法恢复，其权值能够根据空间和时间信息而自适应选择。
The motion vectors of the damaged image macroblocks can be recovered adaptively by Maximum A Posteriori(MAP), and the weight is selected adaptively based o.
把运动矢量场建模为高斯马尔科夫随机场，对丢失图像块的运动矢量采用最大后验概率方法恢复，其权值能够根据空间和时间信息而自适应选择。
The motion vectors of the damaged image macroblocks can be recovered adaptively by Maximum A Posteriori(MAP), and the weight is selected adaptively based o.
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