与之相对的是整体论，该理论认为整体的作用往往大于各部分的简单相加。
Its antithesis is holism, which recognizes that the whole is often more than the sum of its parts.
21世纪学习借鉴了整体论的概念，也就是亚里士多德的理论——只有整体的观察系统，才能理解它，而不能只研究它们的组成部分。
21st century learning draws upon the concept of holism, the Aristotelian idea that systems can only be understood by looking at them as a whole, and not simply by investigating their parts.
整体论认为整体大于各部分之和。
Holism holds that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
整体论认为整体大于各部分之和。
Holism holds that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
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