另一种标准烛光是一种叫做造父变星的恒星。
Another type of standard candle is a type of star called a Cepheid variable.
他的首次重大发现产生于他认识了一颗造父变星的时候。
His first great discovery was made when he recognized a Cepheid variable star.
这将足轻微加热内核，这种热量会反过来会加快造父变星的脉搏频率。
That would be enough to heat the core slightly and this heating would, in turn, accelerate the Cepheid's pulse rate.
他们发现了差不多800个造父变星，一种用于准确测量距离的特殊变星。
They discovered almost 800 Cepheid variable stars, a special class of pulsating star used for accurate distance measurement.
在色星等图上，处于造父不稳定带的左外侧而温度较高，故简称热造父变星。
On the colour-magnitude diagram they are situated near and more left than the hotter edge of the Cepheid instability stripe, so their temperature is higher than other types of pulsating variables.
而且，伦德博士测算出“造父变星”的脉动周期能够用适当的微中子束加以调整。
Dr Learned, however, reckons the pulse-period of a Cepheid could be modulated by a suitable beam of neutrinos.
本图是其中一个星系：漩涡星系ngc 4603，本报告中发现造父变星的最远星系。
It is the spiral galaxy NGC 4603, the most distant galaxy in which Cepheid variables have been found.
这是通过观测比先前远得多的造父变星的可见光谱实现的，结果与地面望远镜观测结论类似。
This was accomplished by observing Cepheid variables at optical wavelengths out to greater distances than obtained previously and comparing those to similar measurements from ground-based telescopes.
造父变星是可靠的宇宙距离(测量)里程碑，其完整的一个光变周期直接反映了星体的本质光亮度。
Cepheids are reliable cosmic distance mileposts. The interval it takes for the Cepheid to complete one pulsation is a direct indication of the stars'; s intrinsic brightness.
应当承认，制造用来调整“造父变星”的中微子束所需要的能量确实将相当于太阳整体输出能量的大部分份额。
Admittedly, the energy needed to produce a Cepheid-modulating neutrino beam really would be a sizeable fraction of the output of the sun.
且由于在另一个星系中的单颗“造父变星”的亮度就足于使其被观测到，所以它们是测算类似星系距离的首选工具。
And, since individual Cepheids are bright enough to be seen in other galaxies, they were the first tool used to estimate the distances to such galaxies.
只要恰当地控制粒子束的照射时间，该恒星将有效地成为一台调频电台——以“造父变星”的脉冲为基础载波向宇宙广播。
Time the beam right and the star could be turned, in effect, into an FM transmitter-broadcasting to the universe on the underlying carrier-wave of the Cepheid's pulsation.
精确调制中微子束实际上能够将这些恒星变成FM发射器，使用造父变星的脉冲作为基础载波对整个宇宙进行广播。
Time the beam right and the star could be turned, in effect, into an FM transmitter—broadcasting to the universe on the underlying carrier-wave of the Cepheid's pulsation.
在造父变星的一个光变周期内，恒星外层的电离气体是相对不透明的，因此会吸收恒星的辐射而升温，并开始向外膨胀。
At the dimmest part of a Cepheid's cycle, the ionized gas in the outer layers of the star is opaque, and so is heated by the star's radiation, and due to the increased temperature, begins to expand.
哈勃太空望远镜(HST)拍摄的壮丽的漩涡星系ngc 4603，现今发现一类特殊的变星——造父变星的最远的星系。
NASA Hubble Space Telescope (HST) view of the magnificent spiral galaxy NGC 4603, the most distant galaxy in which a special class of pulsating stars called Cepheid variables have been found.
有了哈勃望远镜的强大能力，团队就能直接跨过某些不稳定的台阶：（由于清晰度不够，）先前对这些造父变星行为的观测不是很准确。
With Hubble's powerful capabilities, the team was able to side step some of the shakiest rungs along the previous distance ladder involving uncertainties in the behavior of Cepheids.
SHOES团队使用哈勃望远镜的近红外相机和多目标光谱仪(NICMOS)、高级巡天相机(ACS)观测了综括7个星系的240颗造父变星。
The SHOES team used Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) to observe 240 Cepheid variable stars across seven galaxies.
SHOES团队使用哈勃望远镜的近红外相机和多目标光谱仪(NICMOS)、高级巡天相机(ACS)观测了综括7个星系的240颗造父变星。
The SHOES team used Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) to observe 240 Cepheid variable stars across seven galaxies.
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