退休研究中心的艾丽卡•木内尔解释说，“纳税人将不得不提高纳税的金额。”
"Taxpayers", explains the CRR's Alicia Munnell, "will have to ante up."
专家(波士顿大学的退休研究中心的艾丽西亚)预测，到2030年，这个数目变成30%。
By 2030, experts like Alicia Munnell of Boston College's Center for Retirement Research predict, the "replacement rate" will drop to 30 percent.
他们还会工作，根据2014年美林证券公司的退休研究‘突出了新的退休工作蓝图’。
They'll be working, according to a 2014 Merrill Lynch Retirement Study that spotlights the "new retirement workscape."
在退休研究中心的养老金计划的样本中，大约60%在2006年的基金比例达到了80%以上。
In the CRR's sample of pension plans, about 60% had funding ratios of at least 80% in 2006.
退休研究中心估计，要在2010年前使基金恢复至2007年的水平，市场上资产的回报率每年须达到52%。
Still, the CRR estimates that to return funding levels to those of 2007 by 2010, the rate of return on market assets would have to be 52% each year.
本书的作者供职于波士顿学院的退休研究中心。向我们描绘出在未来，单纯依赖养老金和储蓄的退休人士的悲惨情景。
The authors, who work at the Centre for Retirement Research at Boston College, set out a dismal prospect for future retirees if they try to rely only on pensions and savings.
根据退休研究中心的研究，2006年，参与退休金计划的私营企业工人超过60%依靠的是确定提拨计划，比如401k帐户[1]。
In 2006, according to the CRR, over 60% of private workers with a retirement plan relied on a defined-contribution scheme such as a 401 (k) account.
他描述了一位100岁仍在工作的研究参与者，这名参与者最近因看到自己的儿子退休而感到失望。
He described one study participant, still working at the age of 100, who was recently disappointed to see his son retire.
一些研究表明，退休人员的社会保障体系使生育率降低了。
By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates.
一项关于夫妻退休过渡期的研究发现，退休后从事新工作的女性对婚姻的满意度高于完全退休的女性。
A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, more so than those who retired completely.
“我们开始看到人们对退休的看法发生了变化。”牛津大学人口老龄化研究所联合主任乔治·利森表示。
"We're beginning to see a change in how people view retirement," says George Leeson, co-director of the Institute of Population Ageing at Oxford.
德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休工人，并通过一系列的测试评估了这些志愿者的记忆力和思维能力。
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.
美国保健和退休调查委员会的一项补充性数据研究表明，酒税对为数众多的酒瘾很大的人来说远不具有影响力。
A complementary study of data from America's Health and Retirement Survey shows that alcohol taxes are far less effective for the large minority of heavy drinkers.
提高退休年龄——一个正以女性劳动力为基础研究的提议，因为女性的退休年龄比男性早——也可以支撑劳动力。
Raising the retirement age - a proposal the government is now studying for women, who typically are required to retire earlier than men - could also prop up the work force.
研究表明，人提前退休更多的因为身体状况，而不是其他原因。
Studies show that the reason people retire early has to do with health issues more than anything else.
这项研究发现，在40多岁和50多岁的人群中，只有12%的人希望早退休。
The study found that only 12 per cent of people in their 40s and 50s expect to take early retirement.
专家认为总体情况很复杂，因为其他研究曾表明，退休会导致健康状况下降。
Experts believe the picture is a complex one - other research suggests retirement may worsen health.
然而，南非也同意人们随时取回养老金存款，咨询公司安博(Alexander Forbes)研究发现70%的成员在退休之前就取回了存款。
But South Africa also offers access to pension savings, and research by Alexander Forbes, a consultancy, found that 70% of members were taking their benefits in cash before retirement.
他说，下一步，希望开展一个新的研究题目：20年前开始研究时的父母们，满了60岁，他们将如何处理自己的退休生活？
The next step, he says, is the hope for a new phase of research studying the original parents, now in their 60s as they deal with retirement.
研究人员跟踪调查了13万已婚退休的男性，他们都上了50岁。
The researchers followed more than 130, 000 married men who were retired and over 50 for a decade.
1748年，42岁的富兰克林从商界退休，他全身心致力于公共事业和科学研究。
and by 1748, at the age of 42, he was able to retire from business to devote his life to public service and the study of science.
其中一名自愿参加研究的懒虫是格瑞格雷·斯坦顿，他是一名66岁处于半退休状态的教授。
One of those "couch potatoes" who volunteered for the study was Gregory Stanton, a 66-year-old semi-retired college professor.
该研究项目采访的一位退休秘书回忆，她是一个年轻的新娘时，曾问肉贩卖一小点儿碎肉。
A retired secretary interviewed by the project recalled, as a young bride, asking the butcher for a tiny amount of mince.
与此同时，很多年老的研究人员已接近退休年龄。
At the same time, many older researchers are nearing retirement age.
这是人类首次对蓝莓作用进行的试验研究。一系列试验表明，一群退休老人喝了12周蓝莓饮料后改善了他们记忆，重新回想起往事。
In the first such test on humans, the group of pensioners drank the juice over 12 weeks, which helped improve their memory and recall in a series of tests.
美国退休者协会研究显示，几乎90%的50岁(及以上)美国人声称以此为目标。
An AARP study shows almost 90 percent of Americans age 50 or older claim that as a goal.
已退休的毒理学教授托尼达扬称，确认该研究成果还需付出更多努力，因为研究只是基于一个狭小，特殊的群体。
But more work will be needed to confirm the result, says Tony Dayan, an emeritus professor of toxicology, because the study was based on a small, distinctive group.
第二项研究对代表退休基金运作共同基金和证券组合的传统基金经理进行了探究。
The second study** looks at traditional fund managers, those who run mutual funds and stockmarket portfolios on behalf of pension funds.
研究人员说，提早退休至少有益于精神健康。
Taking early retirement is beneficial, at least for your mental health, say researchers.
研究人员说，提早退休至少有益于精神健康。
Taking early retirement is beneficial, at least for your mental health, say researchers.
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