上外侧软骨尾端与外侧脚的头侧端相交处为软骨间交界区。
Caudally the junction of the upper lateral cartilages with the cephalic edge of the lateral crus defines the scroll area.
背景资料分析： 先前我们已经发表了通过注射软骨素酶ABC建立山羊IVD退变模型的研究。这种实验方法可导致间盘的轻度进行性退变。
Summary of Background Data. Recently we described an IVD degeneration model in the goat by injecting chondroitinase ABC. This results in mild progressive disc degeneration.
BMP分子可以诱导间充质细胞分化为软骨细胞，促进合成细胞外基质，抑制软骨细胞的终末分化。
BMP may induce mesenchymal cells to differentiate into chondrocytes, promote the synthesis of extracellular matrix and inhibit the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes.
MRI对腕骨间关节的滑膜，骨骼，软骨，肌腱等进行观察。
MRI appearance of synovium, bone, cartilage and tendons of wrist joints and so on were observed.
骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)是一类具有高效成骨活性的蛋白质，因其能够异位诱导间充质细胞分化为软骨和骨细胞而形成新骨，在临床骨缺损修复中具有良好的应用前景。
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has good potential in treatment for bone defects as it can induce mesenchymal cells to differentiate into cartilage cells and bone cells so to form new bone.
脑膜血管外皮细胞瘤和间叶软骨肉瘤是一样的吗？：一项关于HEY1 - NCOA2融合基因的研究。
Are meningeal hemangiopericytoma and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma the same? : a study of HEY1-NCOA2 fusion.
资料提炼：共收集到190篇与骨髓间充质干细胞和骨及软骨组织工程有关的文献，其中30篇符合纳入标准。
DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 190 articles about MSCs and bone and cartilage tissue engineering, of which 30 articles were accorded with the inclusion criteria.
第2周见大量的活跃的成骨细胞、成纤维细胞和间充质细胞，形成骨样组织，软骨细胞增生活跃。
Plenty of active osteoblasts, fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells were seen at the 2nd week, osteoid tissue formed, the proliferation of cartilage was active.
它们可以起源于软骨内骨、或者脑内的间充质细胞、脑膜、膜内成骨或者软组织。
They can also arise in endochondral bone; or primitive mesenchymal cells in the brain, meninges, membranous bone, or soft tissue.
原发性颅底软骨肉瘤主要分为普通型和间叶型，两型的临床特点不同，治疗预后亦不同。
Conventional and mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are its two main types which are different in clinical characteristic, treatment, prognosis and so on.
方法体外培养获取生长状态良好的兔骨髓间充质干细胞，进行成软骨诱导，观察并检测其生物学特性。
Methods Rabbit BMSCs were cultured in vitro induced to chondrocytes, and then the biologic characters of the chondrocyte were observed and tested.
目的：探讨人脐带血间充质干细胞存在及体外向成软骨细胞分化的可能性。
Objective To explore whether mesenchymal stem cells could be isolated from human umbilical cord blood and would be able to differentiate into chondroblast in vitro.
降眉间肌起于鼻骨与鼻外侧软骨连接处以上，止于两眉内侧的水平线。
The origin of procerus was beyond the line between nasal bone and lateral nasal cartilage, and the insertion point was at the level of both medial eyebrows.
结论椎体软骨终板的退变是椎间退变早期的主要表现方式。
Conclusion vertebral bodies cartilage endplates degeneration is the main form of expression at the early stage of intervertebral disc degeneration.
图下部是软骨，其上是由间叶细胞组成的原始间质，左侧是胚胎癌最有特点的原始细胞。
At the bottom is a focus of cartilage. Above this is a primitive mesenchymal stroma and to the left a focus of primitive cells most characteristic for embryonal carcinoma.
脑膜血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)和间叶软骨肉瘤是好发于脑脊膜和硬脑膜的侵袭性肿瘤。
Meningeal hemangiopericytoma (HPC) and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma are aggressive neoplasms with a propensity to involve the meninges and dura.
目的：体外培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞并定向诱导分化为软骨细胞，探讨体外诱导分化为软骨的方法和条件。
OBJECTIVE: to build a method of differentiation of rabbit BMSCs into chondrocytes in vitro and to determine the factors involved in the differentiation process.
随着骨髓间充质干细胞分化为软骨细胞的深入研究，这些因素的应用必将更为广泛。
With the deep understanding of BMSCs differentiation into cartilage cells, the application of these factors will be more extensive.
目的：观察微重力条件下动态三维诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞的分化，并与静态培养作比较。
AIM: to observe the induction and differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrocytes under dynamic microgravity and three dimensions (3d), and compare it with static culture.
方法对2006 ~ 2009年间27例中耳胆脂瘤患者，利用软骨和混合骨粉行上鼓室乳突填塞术的手术方法、手术结果、术腔情况作回顾性分析。
METHODS The clinical data of 27 patients with cholesteatoma who underwent mastoid obliteration with autologous mixed bone pate from 2006 to 2009 were retrospectively studied.
方法对2006 ~ 2009年间27例中耳胆脂瘤患者，利用软骨和混合骨粉行上鼓室乳突填塞术的手术方法、手术结果、术腔情况作回顾性分析。
METHODS The clinical data of 27 patients with cholesteatoma who underwent mastoid obliteration with autologous mixed bone pate from 2006 to 2009 were retrospectively studied.
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