反而是去年秋天注入的大量公共资金，贷款和金融系统的贷款担保，还有今年春天的银行压力测试起到了更重要的作用。
More important was last autumn's massive injection of public capital, loans and loan guarantees into the financial system, and this spring's bank stress tests.
像爱尔兰一样它也有着失控的房地产泡沫，给其银行系统留下了大量的劣质贷款。
Like Ireland it had a runaway real-estate boom that has left its banking system with a pile of sour property loans.
也就是说，东欧的贷款损失对欧洲摇摇欲坠的银行系统的威胁可能夸大其辞。
That said, the dangers that loan losses in the region pose to Europe's staggering banking system can be overstated.
布什说：“金融系统的倒闭将导致银行停止互相贷款，停止向商家和消费者贷款。”
"The failure of the financial system would cause Banks to stop lending money to one another and to businesses and consumers," he said.
由此国有银行必需要追回那些通过“影子银行系统”放出去的贷款，使债务人措手不及，很多公司为此破产。
In this process, state-owned Banks have been forced to call in the loans made through the "shadow banking system," thus hurting the debtors and triggering a spate of bankruptcies.
第三个指标，银行贷款和储蓄的比率，是用来衡量银行系统脆弱性的。
The third indicator, the ratio of banks’ loans to their deposits, is one measure of the vulnerability of banking systems.
贷款证券化将风险并且分散到金融系统不同的环节，由此降低了银行破产的风险。
Loan securitisation disperses risk through the financial system and reduces the chances of a banking collapse.
印度储备银行已经降低了利率，向银行系统注入资金，但是贷款利率还是很高。
The Reserve Bank of India has cut interest rates and pumped liquidity into the banking system, but borrowing rates remain high.
当该行五月破产清算之时，在其账簿上“合作贷款”竟有500笔之多，从而引发了该州其他诸银行陷入系统风险囹圄。
When it was forced to liquidate in May, with more than 500 such group loans on its books, it caused a systemic problem for other Banks in the state.
贷款的快速增长也引发了对于国家银行系统的担忧。
The credit boom has also sparked worries about the nation's banking system.
这是一个地下银行系统，由贷款人和借款人构成。
It is anunderground banking system, complete with lenders and borrowers.
乌克兰赫夫纳（译者注：该国货币名称）的稳定性问题、哈萨克银行系统的缺乏监管，以及匈牙利借贷者欠下大量瑞士法郎贷款的问题，通通都推到了决策者的桌前。
The stability of the Ukrainian hryvnia, the ill-regulated Kazakh banking system, and Hungarian borrowers’ penchant for loans in Swiss francs are subjects crowding on to policymakers’ desks.
由于英国人对房屋产权的盲目追捧，以及狡猾的美国贷款，英国的银行系统已经受到了一次伤害。
The banking system, inflated by British homeowning fetishism and dodgy American loans, has experienced a trauma.
在2001年，阿根廷退出美元系统以后，宣布为了安抚救助者，决定银行的存款利率高于贷款利率。
When Argentina broke its peg with the dollar in 2001, it decreed that bank deposits should be switched at a more favourable exchange rate than loans, in an effort to appease savers.
但是总的来说，截止至1月，所有cajas的贷款的4.5%已经变坏，整个银行系统这一比例则为3.9%。
But taken together, by January 4.5% of all the cajas' loans had gone sour, compared with 3.9% for the banking system.
现在，假设该银行必须为客户开发Internet服务、在线银行或在线贷款发放系统以保持竞争力，结果会怎么样。
Now suppose the bank must develop an Internet service, on-line banking, or an on-line loan origination system for its customers if it is to remain competitive.
正像我们上个月所做的，我们将创建一个基本的银行系统“RoyMiller的储蓄和贷款”(现在可以接受存款)，假想我们有下面的素材卡，按下面的顺序排列优先级。
As we did last month, we'll create a basic banking system for "Roy Miller's Savings and Loan" (deposits are now being accepted). Suppose we have the following story CARDS, prioritized in this order.
国家几乎控制了所有的银行系统，借此使银行贷款在今年上半年比起去年翻了一番。
The state controls most of the banking system, and has used this control to double the amount of bank lending in the first half of this year, as compared to 2008.
总体而言，德国对所谓的PIGS（葡萄牙，爱尔兰，希腊和西班牙）的贷款总额为3,940亿美元，约占整个银行系统3.1万亿美元的外汇风险中的13%。
In total, Germany's exposure to the troubled so-called PIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Greece, and Spain) is $394 billion, or about 13 percent of the banking system's $3.1 trillion in foreign exposure.
尽管银行呆账总量在上升，特别是信用卡方面的呆账，但整个金融系统运行正常，贷款再次启动——只不过要付一定的代价。
But the financial system is solid, and credit is available again—at a price.
伴随着巨大的银行系统和高额的贷款存款比率，欧洲再融资需求远远超过了其他任何一个银行系统。
With its giant banking system and high loan-to-deposit ratios, Europe's refinancing needs far exceed those of any other banking system (see chart).
但这一次金融系统妥协了：一家苏格兰银行已经倒下；爱丁堡的基金经理们将迎来寒冬期；苏格兰的各家公司也亟需银行的贷款。
But this time the financial system is compromised: one Scottish bank is already down; Edinburgh fund managers will suffer; and Scottish firms too need bank loans.
当影子银行系统收缩时将会发生什么？关于这个问题存在一个程序化模型，商业银行在其中充当仅次于最后贷款人的角色。
There is a stylised model of what is meant to happen when the shadow banking system contracts, in which Banks act as "lenders of second-to-last resort".
这就等于宣布，如果希腊寻求债务免除，欧洲银行将停止希腊的金融系统，该系统严重地依赖这些贷款。
This amounted to a declaration that if Greece seeks debt relief, the E. C. B. will pull the plug on the Greek banking system, which is crucially dependent on those loans.
财政部比较喜欢的方法是购买是问题要害的住房抵押贷款证券，从而稳住其价格并且将其从银行系统里剔除。
The Treasury's preference is to buy the mortgage securities at the heart of the problem, thereby putting a floor under their prices and removing them from the banking system.
即使在金融系统已经撑起来了，很明显，银行遭受了贷款储备的损失，这使得一些银行破产。
Even after the financial system had been propped up, it became clear that banks had suffered losses on loan holdings that rendered some of them insolvent.
这就等于宣布，如果希腊寻求债务免除，欧洲银行将停止希腊的金融系统，该系统严重地依赖这些贷款。
This amounted to a declaration that if Greece seeks debt relief, the E.C.B. will pull the plug on the Greek banking system, which is crucially dependent on those loans.
这就等于宣布，如果希腊寻求债务免除，欧洲银行将停止希腊的金融系统，该系统严重地依赖这些贷款。
This amounted to a declaration that if Greece seeks debt relief, the E.C.B. will pull the plug on the Greek banking system, which is crucially dependent on those loans.
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