诺尔屯钻进了康德的复杂世界，这时克瑞斯便提醒他说德国所有的小哲学学派死亡之后都跑到牛津去落户。
When Norton wandered into the intricacies of Kant, Kreis reminded him that all good little German philosophies when they died went to Oxford.
康德说，就我们的行为的道德价值而言，赋予它道德价值的是我们超越自身利益和偏好，将责任付诸行动的能力。
Immanuel Kant says that in so far as our actions have moral worth, what confers moral worth is precisely our capacity to rise above self-interest and inclination and to act out of duty.
我只是知道的是我的表兄弟姐妹，这两个男孩“说最古老的'奥巴马'的表弟家族中，年仅17岁的凯特·康德尔。”
"I was only aware of these two boys being my Cousins," says the oldest of the 'Obama cousin' clan, 17-year-old Kate Condell.
康德说过：“世界上有两件东西能够深深地震撼人们的心灵，一件是我们心中崇高的道德准则，另一件是我们头顶上灿烂的星空。”
There are two things in the world which shocked our heart and soul deeply. One is the highest moral standard in our heart while another is the brillian sky with stars up above our head.
斯莫利说，大的石油管道运营商诸如埃克森美孚石油公司、英国石油公司、康德·摩根石油公司——没有科赫公司——都接受了基金会的免费服务。
Large pipeline operators such as ExxonMobil Corp., BP Plc and Kinder Morgan Inc. — and not Koch — accept free services from the foundation, Smalley says.
康德说，实际的原因是可能的，我们可以知道一个实际的理由一定可靠的真理。
Kant said that practical reason is possible, and we can know certain reliable truths with a practical reason.
但是，正如我们上次说的那样，康德所提出的那严格的道德观，和他那严格的自由观之间是有联系的。
But as we began to see last time, there's a connection between Kant's stringent notion of morality and his specially demanding understanding of freedom.
康德对此会怎么说呢？
简单地说，康德认为，缺乏存在是不可缺乏的一财产。
Briefly, Kant argued that to lack existence is not to be deficient in a property.
但是这里的大部分同学，还有很多读过康德著作的人，认为这个答案有些奇怪，有点说不通。
But most of you and most to our Kant's readers think there's something odd and impossible about this answer.
马丁内斯-康德说：“扒手会根据自己感兴趣的东西而做一些其他动作，以影响或不影响对方的注意力。”
"Depending on what the pickpocket is interested in he may engage one or another type of motion, with or without engaging the person's attention, " she says.
为了回答这个问题，康德说，我们要做出一个区分。
To answer that question, Kant said we need to make a distinction.
康德说人们应该使我们的终点，而不是途径，我们应该从他们的角度来理解他们。
Kant says people ought to be an end and not a means for us; we ought to understand them on their terms.
康德说，不。
康德说，这就是功利主义是错误的真正原因。
This is the real reason, Kant says, that utilitarianism goes wrong.
康德是怎么说的呢？
康德从“先天综合判断是如何可能的”入手，提出了“图型说”。
Kant put forward the theory of "schema" from "How is it possible to synthetic judgement of apriori?"
康德说，这并不意味着我能在事先知道，每个人真的将会感觉到存在于被我们称为美的对象之中的那份愉悦。
This does not mean, Kant says, that I can know ahead of time "that every one will in fact feel this delight in the object that is called beautiful by me."
康德说，公正的法律产生于某种社会契约。
Now Kant says that just laws arise from a certain kind of social contract.
是黑格尔继康德之后，从其“美是理念的感性显现”的哲学、美学思想出发，认识到传统摹仿说的弊端，进而反对摹仿说，提出新观点。
Hegel recognized the drawbacks about the theory of imitation and opposed it, putting forward new viewpoints from his thought that Beauty is the perceptual appearance of ideas after Kant.
“自由”是整个康德哲学、美学中的一个十分重要的概念，甚至可以说，是理解整个康德美学思想体系的核心概念。
"Freedom" is a very important concept in the whole Kant's philosophy and aesthetics, even a central concept for understanding the whole Kant's aesthetic system.
有人说，康德既是启蒙运动的完成者，又是启蒙运动的征服者。
It is said that Kant is not only the completion of the Enlightenment and the person who is the conqueror of the Enlightenment.
伟大的康德是一个谦逊的人，他幽默地说，“伟人只有在远处才闪闪发光”，即使是王子或国王也会在自己的仆从面前大失颜面，“因为没有一个人是伟大的”。在时间上，康德与我们相隔甚远。
The great Kant was a modest man who humorously remarked that "great people only shine from afar" and that even a prince or a king loses a lot in front of his servant, "because no man is great.
而伊曼努尔·康德(Immanuel Kant)有关失谐的理论则建议说，当人们注意到了实际结果与自己的期望不一致时，笑话就产生了。
Incongruity theory, associated with Immanuel Kant, suggests that jokes happen when people notice the disconnect between their expectations and the actual payoff.
而伊曼努尔·康德(Immanuel Kant)有关失谐的理论则建议说，当人们注意到了实际结果与自己的期望不一致时，笑话就产生了。
Incongruity theory, associated with Immanuel Kant, suggests that jokes happen when people notice the disconnect between their expectations and the actual payoff.
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