除了采样误差，在调查中提问的措辞和一些实际困难也会导致在采集数据中产生误差或偏差。
In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of survey data.
生存偏差去掉了那些糟糕的记录,回填误差又加入了一些好的记录
You've got survivorship bias taking out bad records and then you've got backfill bias adding good records.
将重心的实际位置与理论位置相减，得到偏差量，将此偏差量消除系统误差，传给望远镜控制系统。
The error between the actual position and the theoretic position will be gotten and feed back the control computer.
如果对倾斜程度大的单个现金流的估计有相对较小的偏差，也会导致项目净现值的估计结果存在较大误差。
Relatively small error in estimating individual cash flow with steeper slope leads to a large error in estimating project's NPV.
随机误差(RANDOM ERROR)-受随机分布误差影响的大量测量结果的平均值与真值的偏差。
Random error - the mean of a large number of measurements influenced by random error matches the true value.
当传感器存在刻度系数误差、安装误差和测量偏差时，将会明显降低系统的FDI性能。
However, the sensor errors such as input axis misalignment, scale factor errors and biases, have significant effect on the FDI performance.
关节式坐标测量机的关节零位偏差是由装配工艺误差引起的，对测头末端的空间位姿误差影响极大。
The joint zero position deviations of joint type CMM, which result from assembly technology errors, have an enormous influence on the pose errors of probe end.
讨论了天文重力水准的误差及垂线偏差非线性影响等问题。
Futhermore problems of the error of astro gravimetric leveling and the nonlinear influence are discussed.
以刃边齿条为工具，测量廓面的直母线族误差，通过误差处理与分析获得齿廓总偏差和螺旋线总偏差。
Taking the straight-line-rack as the tool the error of straight generatrix is measured and by error analysis the tooth profile error and tooth orientation error can be obtained.
因此如何减小因同步偏差而引起的测量误差成了众多学者关注的焦点。
So how to reduce the error caused by sampling synchronous deviation has already been studied by numerous scholars.
系统误差(SYSTEMATICERROR)-受系统自身分布误差影响的大量测量结果的平均值与真值的偏差。
Systematic error - the mean of a large number of measurements influenced by systematic error deviates from the true value.
在自适应卡尔曼滤波算法的基础上提出了一种带模型偏差的GPS伪码跟踪误差估计器。
Based on the adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm, an estimator for the GPS PN code tracking error with model bias is proposed.
作者基于分析和建立加工曲面的型面几何偏差与加工刀位规划参数的关系，提出几何误差的控制方法。
This paper presents the methods to control geometrical errors based on the establishing of the link between geometrical errors and the parameters of tool path planning.
由偏差和测量时间有限而引起的总误差与量化输入信号限幅电平有关。
The total error due to finite observation and bias is dependent on the limited level of the quantized input signal.
由于转换过程的误差，加之吸附沥青的影响，导致计算值与实际值存有一定偏差。
Due to the error of the transformation and the influence of asphalt absorption, it leads to deviation between calculation results and real results.
本文分析了自伺服过程中产生轨道形状偏差的原因及其带来的径向误差传递现象。
The paper analyzes the reason of track shape error and the phenomenon of radial error propagation.
分析各种定位参数的偏差和误差对定位精度的影响；
The effects of uncertainties of various parameters on location accuracy are given.
OFDM系统自身的正交多载波调制特点，决定了其对定时误差和载波频率偏差十分敏感。
The orthogonal multicarrier modulation, which is the main character of OFDM, determines that it is very sensitive to both timing synchronization error and carrier frequency offset.
分析了测距误差和理论弹道偏差对定位的影响；
The influence of tracking error and the bias of the theoretical trajectory departure is discussed, also.
协议能有效解决数据边界识别问题和时钟累积误差造成的相位偏差问题。
The communication protocol could solve the issue of identifying the data boundaries and the phase error caused by the accumulated error of clock.
各裂解炉管出口温度(COT)偏差的发散和误差的不确定，将对裂解炉操作和乙烯收率带来很大的影响。
The scattered coil - outlet - temperature (COT) and the unfixed temperature errors would influence severely the operation of cracking furnace and the ethylene yield.
当声波是空间位置和时间的周期函数时，平面波误差项永远是一负偏差项。
The plane wave error is always negative windage, when the sound wave is the cycle function of space and time.
不幸的是，这一过程常常有偏差和误差，并且耗时、费用高。
Unfortunately, this process usually contains deviation and error, and consumes a great deal of time, and the expense is very high.
在EXAFS数据处理过程中，没有考虑这种偏差的影响是造成EXAFS方法结果中径向距离误差的一个原因。
Normal EXAFS data processing without evaluating this kind of difference is also a cause of the radial distance deviating-to-shorter error in the EXAFS results.
结果表明，滚刀与工件间的相对偏差变化速度的快慢不仅影响到齿轮加工精度，还影响到误差补偿方法的选取。
The result shows that the changing velocity of the errors has influence on the machining accuracy of the gear and the choosing of the compensating methods.
给出了分子已知情况下比率估计量的偏差和均方误差以及均方误差的估计，并对两类比率估计量进行了比较。
In this paper, the bias of the ratio estimator and the estimate of mean square errors of this estimator with known numerator have been compared and discussed.
沥青混合料的沥青含量偏差主要来自生产时的计量误差、配比偏差、拌和均匀性及检测时的试验误差，文章对这些影响因素进行了分析。
Asphalt content errors in asphalt aggregate mainly come from metering errors, grading errors, mixing homogeneity and measurement errors. These influencing factors are analyzed in the article.
利用若干个位置和姿态下的偏差值，间接计算出机床的结构误差，然后进行软件补偿。
With these values we can use this method to figure out the structural errors and then use software to compensate.
阐述了定位销和定位孔引起工件的定位误差对零件轮廓边切割偏差的影响机理。
This paper expatiated on the influencing mechanism of part's outline cutting deviation due to the locating faults owing to the locating pins and locating holes.
在水文频率计算中由于误差的存在，使得估计值与实际值之间存在偏差，这种偏差导致在水利工程设计中产生了不安全因素。
Due to errors of hydrological frequency calculation, the deviation between the estimated value and actual value causes the design of water conservancy projects to be insecure.
应用推荐