语用表达和理解的认知过程是宏观计划和宏观推测的过程。
The cognitive processes of pragmatic production and comprehension are assumed as macro planning processing and macro hypothesizing processing respectively.
在纯科学篇章中也存在隐含意义，具有语法、词汇、语义、语言上下文和语用表达手段。
There is implication in the pure scientific text, which is expressed by the means of grammar, vocabulary, semantics, context and pragmatics.
典故词语是汉语词汇的重要组成部分，其历史来源、构词方式、语义内容、语用表达等方面有独特的认识价值，是汉语词汇学、词汇史研究的重要课题。
The allusion word is the important component of Chinese vocabulary, which has unique cognitive value in historical origin, word-building way, semantic content, pragmatic expression and so on.
使用前面所获得的统计确定了语用研究的范围，考察了离合词“离析”使用的各种语言环境，并在此基础上进行了语用校验、语用表达、语用偏误等研究。
Use statistics in the front, this chapter analyzes the pragmatic problem, for example, uses each language environment, analyzes its pragmatic errors made by students and so on to study.
我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？ 汉语用三个分句表达原文的意思，显然效果很好，如果译成：你能回答一个使我弄不懂而又想问你的问题吗？
Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me？
内涵是语用学的一个重要概念，因为许多索引表达的外延确定依赖的是各组成部分的内涵。
Intension is an important notion in pragmatics, for many indexical expressions, the determination of their extensions depends on the intensions of their components.
英国哲学家休伯特.斯宾塞将这一斗争描述为“适者生存”(survivalofthe fittest)，但生物学家则将这一用语用“自然选择(natural selection)”这个术语来表达物种进化过程。
The British philosopher Herbert Spencer described this struggle as "survival of the fittest." But biologists use the term "natural selection" to describe the evolutionary process.
动态语用学关注话语内在的动机，即人们在相互交际的动态过程中为什么选择某些语言形式而不是另一些语言形式来表达自己的思想感情。
Dynamic pragmatics focuses on the internal motives of utterances, that is, why people choose one kind of language form instead of another one to express their feelings in the intercommunication.
语境是语用学研究中最重要的概念，在话语推理中有着重要的意义，它对话语意义理解与表达起着极为重要的作用。
Context is the most important concept in pragmatic study, and has great significance in deduction of discourse; it plays a vital role in understanding and expression of discourse meaning.
语言表达中的一个很重要的问题就是防止语用失误。
Pragmatic failure is one of the important reasons for cross-cultural communication breakdown.
由于交际的过程从本质来说是在一定的语境中表达意义的过程，因而语用学的本质是一种意义研究。
As the process of communication is essentially a process of conveying meaning in a certain context, pragmatics can also be regarded as a kind of meaning study.
由于说话者的目的不同，选择的表达方式就不同，其语用意义也随之变化。
Because of different purposes, the speaker will choose different expressions, so the pragmatic meaning will change accordingly.
委婉表达是商务谈判中一种常见的礼貌语言语用策略。
Euphemistic Expressions are a frequently used pragmatic strategy of politeness language in the international business negotiation.
造成语用失误的原因主要有两类：用错表达式和文化差异。
Causes of pragmatic errors are of two main types: wrong expressions and cultural differences.
广告翻译应力求表达准确、达意，广告翻译的准确性在于把握其语用意义。
The translation of advertisement must be accurate and fluent. Accuracy in the translation of advertisement lies in its pragmatic meaning.
语用差异是指在跨文化交际中，交际双方由于文化背景不同、表达习惯不同因而在语用过程中表现出的差异。
Pragmatic differences are the differences emerged in the use language between the two sides in intercultural communication due to their different cultural background and different ways of expression.
虽然在邮件中或聊天室里使用口语表达可以接受，但是过度的口语用法会降低一篇正式书面文本的质量。
While it may be acceptable in email or in chat rooms, excessive colloquialism can diminish the quality of a formal written text.
委婉表达是商务谈判中一种常见的礼貌语言语用策略。
Expressions are a frequently used pragmatic strategy of politeness language in the international business negotiation.
表达准确是词汇语用的主要目的。
The main purpose of vocabulary pragmatic is accurate express.
在句子的语用平面上，由于表达的需要，句法成分可以移动其静态位置，移位不改变句法结构关系和语义结构关系，只改变语用功能。
Because the needs of expression, Syntax Part can move it's static position. It can not change syntactic construction and semantic structure. It only can change pragmatic function.
课堂语言有着自己的特征并遵循着自己的语用原则：即表达原则和领会原则。
In-class language has its own characteristics and pragmatic principles of expression and comprehension.
本文对《论语》中句子的焦点表达作了初步探讨，以期能对上古汉语语用研究有所帮助。
This paper attempts to analyse and categorize the focus expressions of The Analects in detail, which is helpful to the research.
会话含义属于语用推理，因而也必须合乎民族语境的大背景和民族的表达习惯。
The implication of conversation belongs to the pragmatic inference, therefore it must accord with the big background of the national context of situation and the national expressing habit.
主要从认知语用学的角度论述了英语中同一个定语的不同表达。
The present paper illustrates different descriptive forms of an attributive in English according to cognitive pragmatics mainly.
任何一种表达方式都有其语用价值，因此语体、语境和语用主体对汉语“将来”时制的表达也都有着至关重要的影响。
Any means of expression has its pragmatic competence, so the genre, the context and the main body of the pragmatics have great effect with the expression of Chinese future tense.
同时，让学生了解中西文化差异及交际准则差异，尽量少犯语用错误，避免语言表达不得体或交际失误。
Meanwhile, let students understand the difference of the sino west culture so as to make less pragmatic errors and avoid communicative failures.
文章通过对《红楼梦》汉、英版本中“死亡”的典型委婉语用例加以对比分析，以透视这些委婉语在表达上的异同。
This article intends to probe the different expressions of death used in the Chinese and English editions of a Dream of Red Mansions.
事实上，较之英语，汉语的代词体系比较缺乏，其代词作为一种标记形式表达着复杂的可及性，有时甚至蕴涵语用功能。
In fact, compared with English, Chinese pronoun system is under-developed. The pronoun in this language is a marked form expressing complicated accessibility, even pragmatic functions on occasion.
事实上，较之英语，汉语的代词体系比较缺乏，其代词作为一种标记形式表达着复杂的可及性，有时甚至蕴涵语用功能。
In fact, compared with English, Chinese pronoun system is under-developed. The pronoun in this language is a marked form expressing complicated accessibility, even pragmatic functions on occasion.
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