在天文上，本术语指的是观测的参考星的位置(或星等)与星表上的该星的位置(或星等)的差值。
In Astrometry, the term is applied to the difference between the observed position (or magnitude) of a reference star and the position (or magnitude) listed in the star catalog.
该文简述了巡天观测和星表编制的历史和意义。
The history and significance of the sky survey and compiling catalogs are briefly described.
本文叙述了子午星表系统误差的主要来源，等高观测的特点及等高星表的不足之处。
In this paper, the main sources of the errors in a meridian catalog, the characteristics of the equal altitude observation and the shortages of an equal altitude catalog are described.
直到目前，对于CCD观测者唯一合适可用的星表是GSC(哈勃空间望远镜的引导星参考星表)，它包含1.8亿个目标(恒星和星系)。
Until quite recently, the only useable catalogue for CCD observers was the Hubble Space Telescope's Guide star catalogue (GSC), that contains about 18 million objects (stars and galaxies).
提出了一种基于星表数据的建模和仿真方法，模拟在任意观测时刻、任意观测地点观测到的星空背景。
Followed, based on the IR catalogue data, an approach for modelling the celestial background observed in any time, on any eyeshot and at any visual angel, is presented.
为此，设计了以导航星凸多边形和观测凸多边形之间距离最小为准则的识别算法。针对星光制导的导弹观星时间很短，提出了根据弹道生成弹上导航星表的方法，其导航星表只需存储30颗星的75 个凸多边形。
As the star sensor of ballistic missile works only for short time, the navigation stars in the missile can be reduced to 30, and the convex polygons can be reduced to 75 for different trajectories.
为此，设计了以导航星凸多边形和观测凸多边形之间距离最小为准则的识别算法。针对星光制导的导弹观星时间很短，提出了根据弹道生成弹上导航星表的方法，其导航星表只需存储30颗星的75 个凸多边形。
As the star sensor of ballistic missile works only for short time, the navigation stars in the missile can be reduced to 30, and the convex polygons can be reduced to 75 for different trajectories.
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