裂隙的扩展和爆裂作用的叠加是衬砌混凝土发生多层剥落的重要原因。
The superposition between fracturing and explosive spalling plays a key role in the multi-layer damages of the lining concrete.
在公路隧道检修时，发现衬砌混凝土产生多处纵向裂缝，开裂较为严重。
When a road tunnel is checked, serious longitudinal cracks are detected in the liner concrete.
在山岭隧道施工中，二次衬砌混凝土裂缝成为带有一定普遍性的质量问题。
In the mountain tunnel construction, the secondary lining concrete crack is a certain universal quality problem.
同时，对机械化衬砌混凝土裂缝产生的原因及预防和控制措施进行了探讨。
The reason and control of cracks in mechanized lining concrete are also discussed in this paper.
本文的主要研究内容为隧道二次衬砌混凝土配合比优化设计及其结构内力分析。
The main studying contents of this thesis are optimization-design of the mixture ratio of tunnel's secondary lining concrete and internal structural analysis.
在满足结构安全受力的前提下，减小衬砌混凝土弹性模量，可以减小地面振动。
Under the premise of satisfied structural safety, reducing the elastic modulus of the concrete lining decreases the ground vibration caused by subway train operation.
本文主要研究隧道衬砌混凝土早期温度的变化，进而研究混凝土早期温度应力。
This paper studies the temperature change of tunnel lining at the early stage, thus thermal stress of concrete.
通过对隧道衬砌混凝土的早期温度应力的研究，能够对隧道施工提供一个有效的参考依据。
Through the study of early thermal stress of the concrete tunnel lining, we can provide an effective reference for tunnel Construction.
摘要：分析了青岛地铁3号线所在地域的环境作用，并对地铁二次衬砌混凝土的耐久性进行研究。
Abstract: the environmental effects are analyzed and the secondary lining concrete durability is studied in the design for Qingdao Metro Line 3.
衬砌混凝土的局部损伤特征受火灾发生时的火源、燃料供给、受火区段的地形、通风等因素的影响。
It is concluded that the damage features of the lining concrete are related to fire source, fuel supplying mode, landscape and ventilation condition of the conflagration.
针对溪洛渡水电站导流洞衬砌混凝土工程，采用三维有限元法分析了围岩变形模量变化对温度应力影响的敏感性。
In view of the lining concrete engineering of Xiluodu hydropower station, 3-dimensional finite element method is used to analyze thermal stress sensitivity of the surrounding rock deformation modulus.
水工隧道混凝土衬砌均存在不同程度的裂缝，本文介绍了尾水隧洞衬砌混凝土裂缝预防和不同类型裂缝的处理办法。
Cracks of different levels exists in hydraulic tunnel concrete liner. The prevention of liner concrete cracking at tailwater tunnels and measures on different levels cracking are discussed in detail.
对于水工隧洞衬砌混凝土，在施工期由于水泥水化热作用，温度应力影响显著，是产生混凝土结构裂缝的重要原因之一。
As for hydraulic tunnel lining concrete, thermal stress is one of important factors that cause concrete cracks, due to the heat of hydration of cement in the construction period.
近年来，在我国有采用预应力锚索混凝土衬砌隧洞的趋势。
Recently, there is a tendency to use pre-stressed anchorage-cable concrete to line tunnel.
在全圆断面模板衬砌台车的施工应用中，混凝土浮力的设计计算是重点和难点。
It is important and difficult for design and calculation of concrete buoyancy in construction of formwork lining trolley with full circle section.
混凝土衬砌时的施工放样基本与开挖放样方法一致。
Construction of concrete lining at the time of the basic lofting lofting method consistent with the excavation.
文中还讨论了小湾水垫塘采用全面混凝土衬砌的必要性，并对水垫塘底板高程、长度及体型提出了新建议。
Further, the paper discussed the necessity of using full concrete lining for the Xiaowan plunge pool and made new proposals for its bottom elevation, length and shape.
在石拱桥拱圈的下部进行衬砌加固，使老石拱桥拱圈与新钢筋混凝土套拱形成整体，共同受力，是一种维修加固石拱桥的简单实用的方法。
The effect method of reinforce and maintenance the stone arch bridge is to build liner around the arch bridge down area. That combines the old arch round and the new reinforced concrete together.
室内试验和工程应用研究表明，该方法为隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度检测提供了一个有效的测试手段。
Indoor experiment and application study shows it is an effective method for testing thickness of tunnel concrete lining.
使用地质雷达对隧道混凝土衬砌结构进行检测，实践证明技术方法是切实可行的。
It has been proved that GPR is a feasible method to inspect the structure of tunnel concrete lining.
介绍了组合式钢筋承重骨架支撑模板进行隧洞混凝土衬砌的施工方法及其特点。
This paper introduced construction measure and features of concrete brickwork lining construction for combining-style steel bearing reinforced bar framework support mould in tunnels.
提出了寒区混凝土防护层渠道最低衬砌厚度的计算方法。
The calculation method about the minimum lining thickness of concrete protective layer is given in the cold region.
文中论述的利用通用有限元软件ANSYS实现衬砌结构损伤分析的方法，对其它混凝土结构和构件的损伤分析也具有参考价值。
Furthermore, the method to analyze the damage of lining structure by current finite element software ANSYS is also valuable to other concrete structure and components.
当隧道工程施工遇到含黄铁矿的地层时，黄铁矿氧化形成的酸性环境以及其引发的一系列化学反应会对隧道混凝土衬砌的耐久性带来不利的影响。
When there is pyrite-bearing strata in tunnel construction, oxidization of pyrite will result in formation of acidic environment and bring adverse effect on durability of concrete lining.
在内水压力下，钢衬、混凝土衬砌和围岩可共同承载。
Steel lining, concrete lining and surrounding rock can work together to share internal water pressure.
陡倾角大直径长斜井混凝土衬砌施工技术复杂，施工难度特别大。
For concrete lining construction of long inclined shaft with steep obliquity and big diameter, the construction technology is complex and difficult.
文中介绍了万家寨引黄隧洞工程不良地质洞段施工中的开挖，临时支护，混凝土衬砌等。
This paper introduces excavation of the unfavorable geological section of tunnel project of Wanjiazhai YRDP, temporary brace and construction of concrete lining.
会议将在一个用混凝土衬砌的地下掩体里举行，那里阴暗湿冷而且空气稀薄。
The conference was to be held in the underground bunker, a cold, damp, airless shelter lined with concrete.
陡倾角大直径长斜井混凝土衬砌施工技术复杂，施工难度大。
Construction technique of concrete lining of long inclined shaft with steep obliquity Angle and large diameter is complex and extremely difficult.
陡倾角大直径长斜井混凝土衬砌施工技术复杂，施工难度大。
Construction technique of concrete lining of long inclined shaft with steep obliquity Angle and large diameter is complex and extremely difficult.
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