目前,还不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.
穆勒告诉《生活科学》说:“通过我们的研究,我们认为我们现在可以自信地得出结论,至少有些狗可以分辨人类的面部表情。”
"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions," Muller told Live Science.
研究人员对11只狗进行了训练,区分同一个人快乐或愤怒表情的图像。
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.
轻微地眯眼是出自本性的一种表达愤怒的方式,对于动物世界里各种各样的动物都是通用的(想一想老虎,狗等动物生气的表情就知道了)。
A slight narrowing of the eyes is an instinctual, universal expression of anger across various species in the animal kingdom (think about the angry expressions of tigers, dogs, etc.).
6个月大的婴儿大部分时间都盯着对应的照片看,突然的狗叫会让他们死死的盯着那只狗,并且露出非常不爽的严厉表情。
The 6-month-old babies spent most of their time staring at the matching photograph, so a mean bark would garner a stare at the dog with the vicious facial expression.
这些婴儿先给看两张同一只蓬松犬的照片,一张是狗充满挑衅的姿态和表情,另一张是狗温顺的姿势。
The babies first looked at two images of the same fluffy canine, one showing the dog in an aggressive posture and facial expression while the other showed the dog in a friendly stance.
“什么?”大个子一脸难以置信的表情,大吼道:“你养的到底是什么狗啊?”
“What?” roared the big man in disbelief.“What in the hell kind of dog do you have?”
但是,他补充说,这并不能够说明狗懂得那些情绪表情的含义。
But, he added, this did not show that dogs understood the meaning of those emotional expressions.
胡贝尔教授赞成这一点但又补充说,那些在训练中需触碰生气表情来获得奖励的狗要经过三次尝试才能成功完成任务。
Prof Huber agreed but added that the dogs that had had to touch the angry face to be rewarded, in the training, had taken three times as long to learn the task.
其中一半的狗用鼻子触碰生气表情的图片时,就会得到奖励。另一半则在触碰笑脸时获得奖励。
Half the dogs received a treat when they touched an angry face with their nose. The other half were rewarded for touching happy faces.
眼睛的颜色为暗黑色,不能因为瞳孔周围有黄圈,或瞬膜显露出来,而影响了狗的表情。
The color is dark and the eye does not show a yellow ring or a sufficiently prominent haw to affect the dog's expression.
一只棕黑相间的大狗,带着严肃的表情。
测试表明狗可以分辨出表情的不同。
This suggested that dogs could spot the difference between the expressions.
瞳孔周围不能有黄圈或瞬膜显露出来,而影响了狗的表情。
The eye does not show a yellow ring or a sufficiently prominent haw to affect the dogs expression.
由于这只狗耳朵上的色素沉淀比(上一只)要深,所以就会改变它的面不表情!
Slightly more dark pigmentation on the ears would also change the expression slightly.
狗有大约100种面部表情,大部分是通过耳朵来表达的。
Dogs have about 100 different facial expressions, most of them made with the ears.
耳朵的动作影响到狗的表情,并明显地表达出他的情绪。
Ear motion contributes to expression and clearly defines the mood of the dog.
她说:「他喜欢的似乎就是用他那副表情瞪著狗瞧。」
She said: 'What he does seem to like is just staring at dogs with that look he's got.
这就要考虑狗的物种变异,族类,智力,表情和身体特性。
For this to happen the variables of species, breed, intellect, emotion and the physical traits of the canine have to be considered.
他们聊及有关史酷比狗的一个派对,但是两个女孩心里都清楚,这位散发迷人魅力的男孩其实并不是一个合群的人。弗兰科的表演堪称精湛,几个动作和表情都是意味深长。
They talk about a party involving Scooby-Doo, but the girls know this devilish charm boy is a loner, and Franco excels at letting a few looks and gestures speak volumes.
他们聊及有关史酷比狗的一个派对,但是两个女孩心里都清楚,这位散发迷人魅力的男孩其实并不是一个合群的人。弗兰科的表演堪称精湛,几个动作和表情都是意味深长。
They talk about a party involving Scooby-Doo, but the girls know this devilish charm boy is a loner, and Franco excels at letting a few looks and gestures speak volumes.
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