在低于晶化温度条件下经氧化和还原处理后的薄膜表面晶化；
The surface crystallization started as the films were oxidized and reduced at the temperature lower than that at which crystallization occurred.
经x射线衍射分析，纯钛表面经阳极氧化处理后，其表面生成了一层非晶态的氧化钛薄膜，并且钛晶体的各个表面沿不同结晶方向的腐蚀速率不相同。
XRD results indicate that amorphous titanium oxide film is formed on the surface after anodic oxidation, and corrosion rates of titanium crystal vary along different crystalline orientation.
当通上电后，一层薄膜或者说是氧化物就会在钛的表面成形，这层氧化物使得钛表面具有了颜色。
When charged with electricity, a light film or oxide will form on the surface of the titanium and this produces color.
其水溶液喷涂在金属表面，干后形成一层保护薄膜，防潮防锈，并能抑制已锈蚀金属继续生锈。
A layer of protective membrane could be formed to prevent moistening and rusting to restrain the rusted metal from continuing to rust after the surface of metal has been spray_smeared with thi...
SEM分析表明，粗糙表面镀金膜的试样在热处理后，表面薄膜产生了细小的裂痕，但在表面没有探测到氧化物。
SEM analysis shows that there are lots of fine cracks on the rough sample, but oxides are not detected, while the surface of the polished samples is integrity after heat processing.
热处理后薄膜的颗粒均匀细化，并呈现有序化，薄膜表面光滑。
After heat treatment, particles of the films uniformly refined and orderly, the surface of thin films become smooth.
经氧等离子体处理后，ITO薄膜的表面粗糙度减小，平整度提高，提高了ITO薄膜表面的润湿性能，改善了有机物在其表面的成膜性能。
It is found that ITO surface roughness decreased after oxygen plasma treatment, which can improve its wetting performance and consequently improve the film performance.
质量方面，AFM表面形貌表征显示退火后的薄膜具有很好的结晶度，颗粒饱满、均匀。
Quality and reliability analysis. AFM as well as the XRD results both demonstrate the good crystallinity of the thin-film after annealing.
当负偏压超过200V后，由于薄膜中石墨相增多，薄膜表面粗糙度将增大。
However, when the substrate negative bias is more than 200 v, the surface roughness of the films is increased because of the increased graphite phase in the films.
当负偏压超过200V后，由于薄膜中石墨相增多，薄膜表面粗糙度将增大。
However, when the substrate negative bias is more than 200 v, the surface roughness of the films is increased because of the increased graphite phase in the films.
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