只有一个物种的个体感受到自然选择的压力。
Only the individuals of a species are subject to the pressures of natural selection.
因此，自然选择让这种寄主-寄生关系变得稳定。
Thus, natural selection stabilized this host-parasite relationship.
自然选择偏爱那些最容易找到寄主并以之为食的寄生虫。
Natural selection favors the parasites that are best able to find and feed on hosts.
我们给出的答案当然是它们的行为大部分是自然选择的结果。
The answer we'll propose of course is that their behavior is largely a matter of natural selection.
有时，在宿主-寄生虫关系中观察自然选择的影响实际上是可能的。
At times, it is actually possible to watch the effects of natural selection in host-parasite relationships.
由于自然选择，大多数曾经存在过的物种已经灭绝，所以这不是一个新现象。
Thanks to natural selection, most species that have ever lived has already gone extinct, so this is not a new phenomenon.
“这似乎是自然选择在一个群体中发挥作用的完美机会。”伊拉尔多博士说。
"It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo.
根据第一个理论，在自然选择的帮助下，每个个体都进化出了对有节奏环境的适应。
According to the first of these theories, each individual have evolved, aided by natural selection, an adaptation to the rhythmic environment.
结果，历经数百万年间的自然选择，形成了我们今日熟知的异特龙和雷克斯霸王龙族群。
The result, once natural selection had done its work over the course of millions of years, was the now familiar cast of Allosaurus and Tyrannosaurus rex.
根据第一个理论，在自然选择的帮助下，每个个体经过进化都适应了这个有规律的环境。
According to the first of these theories, each individual has evolved, aided by natural selection, an adaptation to the rhythmic environment.
查尔斯·达尔文是第一个描述自然选择在物种形成中的作用的人，他描写了物种形成的机制。
Charles Darwin, the first to describe the role of natural selection in speciation, wrote about the mechanisms of speciation.
一旦自然选择塑造了植物的适应机制，使之克服在陆地生活的障碍，植物物种就生机勃勃且丰富多样了。
Once natural selection had shaped the adaptations that helped plants overcome the obstacles to terrestrial living, plants prospered and diversified.
考虑到夜晚也可以生存，并且可供选择的白天的“交易”完全被占用，它们自然选择偏爱那些成功在夜间进行捕食“交易”的蝙蝠。
Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade.
正如查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）所观察到的那样，只要有一种基因组成的个体比其他个体更善于繁殖，自然选择就会起作用。
As Charles Darwin observed, natural selection operates whenever individuals of one genetic composition are better at reproducing than that of others.
当今人与人在很大程度上的平等——即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等，并且连子嗣的数目都一样——意味着和在印度土著部落中的情况相比，印度中上层阶级中已丧失了80%的自然选择中的优势。
The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring—means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.
同时，由于自然选择更倾向于选择那些能够感染宿主但不致其死亡的病毒，这种致命病毒便随着宿主的死亡而消失。
Meanwhile, the deadliest strains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favored strains that could infect hosts but not kill them.
最近发表在英国皇家学会开放科学网站上的一篇题为《烂科学的自然选择》的论文，试图回答这个有趣而重要的问题。
A recent paper, titled "The Natural Selection of Bad Science", published on the Royal Society's open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question.
基因漂变甚至可以抵消自然选择。
先来看看自然选择是如何运作的。
自然选择是一个彻底的环保理论。
如果不是自然选择，那么又是什么呢？
这就是自然选择工作的方式。
事实上，自然选择往往导致越来越简单。
In fact, natural selection often leads to ever greater simplicity.
市场及自然选择也可以帮助缓解这个问题。
Markets and natural selection could help ease the problem, too.
我们已经将自然选择的概念从头进行转变。
因此自然选择究竟是否正确，真的非常重要。
有时，自然选择也是物种特性统一的推动者。
Natural selection can also, sometimes, be an agent of genetic uniformity.
即光脖子物种的出现必然是自然选择的结果。
That they developed naked necks is surely the result of natural selection.
通过自然选择的进化可以解释复杂的思维吗？
Might evolution by natural selection explain complex thought?
通过自然选择的进化可以解释复杂的思维吗？
Might evolution by natural selection explain complex thought?
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