第一章介绍了翻译的文化转向。
Chapter One introduces the cultural turn in translation studies.
这种从语言学迁移向文化迁移的转向自然也存在于隐喻的翻译中。
This shift from emphasis on linguistic transfer towards emphasis on cultural transfer naturally exists in the translation of metaphor.
同时，随着“文化转向”这一趋势，文化研究也越来越多的介入到各个领域，翻译这个领域也不例外。
Meanwhile, with the trend of "cultural turn" in the academic world, culture studies have stepped into the field of translation and have explored a new world.
随着翻译研究的文化转向，译者主体性研究已成为译学领域的一个重要课题。
With the "cultural turn" in translation studies, more and more attention has been paid to the subjectivity of the translator.
翻译研究中的“文化转向”为人们提供了新的研究视野。
The "cultural turn" in translation studies provides researchers with a new horizon.
过往译者主体性研究采用“文化转向”中的目标文化导向的研究角度，往往将译者置身于目标文化中进行考察，研究大多关注翻译中背离原文的现象。
However, past research tends to analyze a translation by locating it in the target cultural system and recognizes deviation in translation as indication of the translator's subjectivity.
第四部分回顾了中国翻译研究中的文化转向。
The fourth section reviews the Cultural Turn of Translation Studies in China.
勒菲弗尔作为翻译操控学派的旗手，其“改写论”是翻译研究文化转向最直接的理论基础。
As the pioneer of manipulation school, Lefevere's "theory of rewriting" is a theoretical foundation for cultural turn in translation studies.
在翻译研究的文化转向中，译者成了两种语言和两种文化的中介者。
In cultural turn, the translator becomes a mediator not only between two different languages but also two different cultures.
自从翻译研究的文化转向以后，许多研究者都已在相关领域作了大量的工作，写了许多文章并提出各种有见解的看法和研究途径和方法。
Since the study of translation has shifted its focus to the study of cultural elements, many researchers have done a great deal of work and written a large number of articles on this field.
文章指出描写译学理论不像传统译学局限于强调原文与译文的对等关系，而是将翻译研究转向译语读者以及广泛的译语社会文化背景中。
The paper argues that the theory of descriptive translation studies has extended the scope of translation studies by putting it into a larger social cultural background.
作为翻译研究派主要代表的苏珊·巴斯奈特和勒菲弗尔甚至把文化视为翻译的基本单位，主张文化研究应该转向注重翻译现象的研究。
And Bassnett and Lefevere even consider culture to be the basic unit of translation and claim that it is the time for cultural studies to turn to translation studies.
第一章是对相关文献的综述。它回顾了翻译研究的文化转向以及文化翻译学派的主要分支。
The first chapter is a review of the previous literature on cultural translation studies, which includes the cultural turn and contemporary translation studies.
女性主义翻译作为翻译研究文化转向的产物，为典籍翻译中译者主体性研究开辟了一个全新的性别视角。
As the product of "culture turn", feminist translation brings the aspect of "gender" into translation and broadens the studies of translators subjectivity in the translation of Chinese Classics.
上世纪九十年代，翻译理论界的文化学派明确提出了翻译研究的“文化转向”，这一研究新方向极大地拓展了译者和理论家的研究视野。
In the last two decades of the twentieth century, there was a "cultural turn" in Translation Studies, which has greatly widened the theoretical scope of this discipline.
“文化转向”将翻译研究从语言层次的规定性研究转向文化关照下的描述性研究。
Translation studies are taking an historic "cultural Turn" from looking at translation as a linguistic phenomenon to viewing it as a cultural phenomenon.
进入九十年代，一些研究者提出了翻译研究的文化转向，这对译者提出了更高的要求。
And in 1990s, translation studies began to shift to the cultural turn, which demands more of the translator.
1990年，两人首当其冲呼吁翻译研究应该进行“文化转向”并参考文化学者的研究成果。
In 1990, the two first suggested that translation studies should take the "cultural turn" and look toward work of cultural studies scholars.
随着翻译研究的“文化转向”，译者的主体地位才逐步得到彰显。
With the "cultural turn" in the translation research, the status of the translators has been gradually elevated.
随着翻译研究的“文化转向”，人们越来越关注翻译与文化的密切关系。
With translation research more culture-focused, people are more and more concerned with the close relationship between translation and culture.
自70年代以来，翻译研究开始出现了‘文化转向’，首先提出该理论的是比利时学者J。
Since the 1970s, translation study began to lay on the level of culture with the proposition of'Translation Study'by the Dutch-based US scholar James S.
随着翻译研究文化转向的发生，她的翻译思想和实践逐渐引起了国际译学界的重视。
Her translation thought and practices have sparked heated discussion in translation studies in the West since the cultural turn took place in the 1990s.
随着翻译研究文化转向的发生，她的翻译思想和实践逐渐引起了国际译学界的重视。
Her translation thought and practices have sparked heated discussion in translation studies in the West since the cultural turn took place in the 1990s.
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